Piperidine and piperazine derivatives as autotaxin inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to piperidine and pyrazine derivatives according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) as autotaxin inhibitors and the use of such compounds for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions, which are caused, mediated and/or propagated by increased lysophosphatic acid levels and/or the activation of autotaxin, in particular of different cancers.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to piperidine and pyrazine derivatives as autotaxin inhibitors and the use of such compounds for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions, which are caused, mediated and/or propagated by increased lysophosphatic acid levels and/or the activation of autotaxin, in particular of different cancers.

PRIOR ART

Autotaxin (ATX) is the enzyme apparently responsible for increased lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) levels in ascites and plasma of ovarian cancer patients (Xu et al., Clinical Cancer Research 1995, 1: 1223; Xu et al., Biochem. J. 1995, 309: 933), because it transforms lysophatidylcholine (LPC) to LPA (Tokumura et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277: 39436; Umezu-Gozo et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 158: 227).

LPA is an intracellular lipid mediator, which influences a multiplicity of biologic and biochemical processes such as smooth muscle contraction, thrombocyte aggregation and apoptosis (Tigyi et al., Prog. Lipid Res. 2003, 42: 498; Mills et al., Nat. Rev. Cancer 2003, 3: 582; Lynch et al. Prost. Lipid Med. 2001, 64: 33). Furthermore, LPA is found in increased concentrations in plasma and ascites fluid of ovarian cancer patients of early and late phase.

LPA has been shown to promote tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion into neighboring tissues, which can result in the formation of metastases (Xu et al., Clinical Cancer Research 1995, 1: 1223; Xu et al., Biochem. J. 1995, 309: 933). These biological and pathobiological processes are switched on through the activation of G-protein coupled receptors by LPA (Contos et al., Mol. Pharm. 2000, 58: 1188).

Increased levels of LPA, altered receptor expression and altered responses to LPA may contribute to the initiation, progression or outcome of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, LPA is potentially also involved in prostate, breast, melanoma, head and neck, bowel and thyroid cancers.

For all these reasons in the course of treating tumor patients it is desirable to lower the LPA level. This can be achieved through the inhibition of enzymes which are involved in LPA biosynthesis, such as ATX (Sano et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277: 21197; Aoki et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 277: 48737).

ATX belongs to the family of nucleotide pyrophosphatases and phosphodiesterases (Goding et al., Immunol. Rev. 1998, 161: 11). It represents an important starting point for anti-tumor therapy (Mills et al. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2003, 3: 582; Goto et al. J. Cell. Biochem. 2004, 92: 1115), since it is increasingly expressed in tumors and effects tumor cell proliferation and invasion into neighboring tissues both of which can lead to the formation of metastases (Nam et al. 2000, Oncogene, Vol. 19 Seite 241). In addition, in the course of angiogenesis ATX together with other anti-angiogenetic factors brings about blood vessel formation (Nam et al. Cancer Res. 2001, 61: 6938). Angiogenesis is an important process during tumor growth as it secures supply of the tumor with nutrients. Therefore, the inhibition of angiogenesis is an important starting point of cancer and tumor therapy, by means of which the tumor is to be starved (Folkman, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2007, 6: 273-286).

Mutagenesis studies suggest an essential function of the PDE domain of ATX for LPA generation. Though this particular PDE domain shares little homology with other known PDEs, it is considered to be druggable by NCEs.

No severe adverse effects are expected for the inhibition of ATX as LPA involved in wound healing in this context is produced by another pathway.

Since ATX is a relatively novel target, the amount of preclinical data on protein production, in vitro and in vivo assays is rather limited. No target-dependent cell model has been described but LPA itself is an excellent biomarker to follow ATX inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Neither structural information nor reference compounds are available.

Compounds that are capable of inhibiting ATX are described in Peng et al. (Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2007, 17: 1634-1640). The there described compounds represent lipid analogues, which structurally share no similarities with the compounds of the present invention.

Further prior art documents are as follows:

WO 2002/102380 describes monocyclic or bicyclic carbocycles and heterocycles as factor Xa inhibitors. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2003/097615 is directed to treatment of fibroproliferative diseases, such as diabetic neuropathy, involving identifying a non-peptide small molecule, selectively binding to a transforming growth factor beta kinase receptor and administering the molecule to subjects. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

US 2003/0139431 relates to the use of quinazoline- and quinolino-guanidine derivatives for treating urge incontinence, pain, memory disorders, endocrine disorders, psychotic behaviour, diabetes, hypertension and gastrointestinal disorders. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2004/099192 describes heterocycle substituted carboxylic acids which can be used in the treatment of metabolic disorders. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2005/003100 deals with the use of quinazoline derivatives for the treatment of tubulin inhibitor mediated diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, inflammation and viral infections. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2006/062972 discloses heterocyclic compounds that function as selective inhibitors of serine protease enzymes of the coagulation cascade and can be used for the treatment of arterial cardiovascular thromboembolic disorders, thromboembolic disorders, unstable angina and acute coronary syndrome. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2006/072828 is directed to heteroaromatic quinoline compounds that serve as PDE inhibitors, in particular PDE10 inhibitors. These compounds can be used for the treatment of central nervous system disorders, such as psychotic disorders, anxiety disorders, movement disorders, mood disorders and neurodegenerative disorders. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2006/074147 describes 4-arylamino-quinazoline as caspase-3 cascade activators that can be used for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, synovial cell hyperplasia, inflammation and viral infections. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2006/108107 deals with diarylamine derivatives that are steroid hormone nuclear receptor modulators and can be used for the treatment of hypokalemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure, artherosclerosis and obesity. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2007/030582 relates to alkyl amine a compounds as potassium channel 1 function inhibitors that are useful for the treatment of arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular arrhythmias, gastrointestinal disorders, esophagitis and asthma. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2007/076034 describes fused bicyclic arene compounds that function as hepatitis C virus replication inhibitors and can be used for the treatment hepatitis C or other viral infections. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2007/110868 discloses novel heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a dopamine receptor, preferably D4 receptor, antagonistic activity and/or a PDE5 inhibitory activity. These compounds can be used for the treatment of decreased libido, orgasm disorder and erectile dysfunction. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2008/060621 is directed to aminopyrrolidines as chemokine receptor antagonists. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

WO 2008/091580 relates to fungicidal amides and methods for controlling plant diseases caused by a fungal pathogen. The patent application does not mention the inhibition of autotaxin.

The citation of any reference in this application is not an admission that the reference is relevant prior art to this application.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has the object to provide novel autotaxin inhibitors.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in one aspect by providing compounds according to formula (Ia)

wherein:

-   -   W₁, W₂ together independently form “—N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—,         —C(O)—N(R5)-, —C(S)—N(R5a)—, —C(O)—C(R6)(R7)-,         —N═C[N(R8)(R9)]—”;     -   Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(O)—, —C(S)—, —S(O)₂—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—,         single bond”;     -   Y₂ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(R12)(R13)-, —O—, —N(R14)-, —C(O)—, —C(O)—NH—, single bond”;     -   Y₃ is independently selected from the group consisting of “—O—,         —C(O)—, single bond”;     -   Z₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of “O, S,         N(R15)”;     -   L is independently selected from the group consisting of the         group consisting of:

-   -   B is independently selected from the group consisting of         “cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl”, wherein         “cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl” can be         independently substituted with one or more identical or         different substituents selected from the group consisting of:         “(i)” hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl,         cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl,         arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br,         —I, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHX1, —NX2X3, —NO₂, —OH, ═O,         —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO,         —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)—X4, —C(O)O—X5,         —C(O)NH—X6, —C(O)NX7X8, —O—X9, —O(—X10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4,         5), —O(—X11-O)_(b)—X12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)—X13,         —OC(O)—O—X14, —OC(O)—NHX15, —O—C(O)—NX16X17, —OP(O)(OX18)(OX19),         —OSi(X20)(X21)(X22), —OS(O₂)—X23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)—X24,         —NX25C(O)—X26, —NH—C(O)—O—X27, —NH—C(O)—NH—X28,         —NH—C(O)—NX29X30, —NX31-C(O)—O—X32, —NX33-C(O)—NH—X34,         —NX35-C(O)—NX36X37, —NHS(O₂)—X38, —NX39S(O₂)—X40, —S—X41,         —S(O)—X42, —S(O₂)—X43, —S(O₂)NH—X44, —S(O₂)NX45X46, —S(O₂)O—X47,         —P(O)(OX48)(OX49), —Si(X50)(X51)(X52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NX53)-NH₂,         —C(NH)—NHX54, —C(NH)—NX55X56, —C(NX57)-NHX58, —C(NX59)-NX60X61,         —NH—C(O)—NH—O—X62, —NH—C(O)—NX63-O—X64, —NX65-C(O)—NX66-O—X67,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NX69-O—X70)₂,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X71)(—C(O)—NX72-O—X73), —C(S)—X74, —C(S)—O—X75,         —C(S)—NH—X76, —C(S)—NX77X78, —C(O)—NH—O—X79, —C(O)—NX80-O—X81,         —C(S)—NH—O—X82, —C(S)—NX83-O—X84, —C(O)—NH—NH—X85,         —C(O)—NH—NX86X87, —C(O)—NX88-NX89X90, —C(S)—NH—NH—X91,         —C(S)—NH—NX92X93, —C(S)—NX94-NX95X96, —C(O)—C(O)—O—X97,         —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHX98, —C(O)—C(O)—NX99X100,         —C(S)—C(O)—O—X101, —C(O)—C(S)—O—X102, —C(S)—C(S)—O—X103,         —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHX104, —C(S)—C(O)—NX105X106,         —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHX107, —C(S)—C(S)—NX108X109,         —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHX110, —C(O)—C(S)—NX111X112”;         -   wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12,             X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, X18, X19, X20, X21, X22, X23, X24,             X25, X26, X27, X28, X29, X30, X31, X32, X33, X34, X35, X36,             X37, X38, X39, X40, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X46, X47, X48,             X49, X50, X51, X52, X53, X54, X55, X56, X57, X58, X59, X60,             X61, X62, X63, X64, X65, X66, X67, X68, X69, X70, X71, X72,             X73, X74, X75, X76, X77, X78, X79, X80, X81, X82, X83, X84,             X85, X86, X87, X88, X89, X90, X91, X92, X93, X94, X95, X96,             X97, X98, X99, X100, X101, X102, X103, X104, X105, X106,             X107, X108, X109, X110, X111, X112 are independently from             each other selected from the group consisting of: “alkyl,             (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl,             heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,             heteroarylalkyl” and wherein alternatively X7, X8 and/or             X16, X17 and/or X29, X30 and/or X36, X37 and/or X45, X46             and/or X55, X56 and/or X60, X61 and/or X77, X78 and/or X86,             X87 and/or X89, X90 and/or X92, X93 and/or X95, X96 and/or             X99, X100 and/or X105, X106 and/or X108, X109 and/or X111,             X112 respectively together can also form “heterocyclyl”;         -   wherein optionally above substituents of substituents             group (i) can in turn independently from each other be             substituted with one or more identical or different             substituents V;     -   R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, R4a, R4b, R5, R5a, R6, R7, R8, R9,         R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 are independently from each other         selected from the group consisting of: “V”; alternatively, R3a         and R4a, R3b and R4b as well as R3 and R4 together can form         “cycloalkyl” or “heterocyclyl”;     -   V is independently selected from the group consisting of: “(i)”         hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl,         heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,         heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃,         —N₃, —NH₂, —NHA1, —NA2A3, —NO₂, —OH, ═O, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂,         —SCHF₂, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H,         —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)-A4, —C(O)O-A5, —C(O)NH-A6, —C(O)NA7A8, —O-A9,         —O(-A10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(-A11-O)_(b)-A12 (b=1, 2,         3, 4, 5), —OC(O)-A13, —OC(O)—O-A14, —OC(O)—NHA15,         —O—C(O)—NA16A17, —OP(O)(OA18)(OA19), —OSi(A20)(A21)(A22),         —OS(O₂)-A23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)-A24, —NA25C(O)-A26,         —NH—C(O)—O-A27, —NH—C(O)—NH-A28, —NH—C(O)—NA29A30,         —NA31-C(O)—O-A32, —NA33-C(O)—NH-A34, —NA35-C(O)—NA36A37,         —NHS(O₂)-A38, —NA39S(O₂)-A40, —S-A41, —S(O)-A42, —S(O₂)-A43,         —S(O₂)NH-A44, —S(O₂)NA45A46, —S(O₂)O-A47, —P(O)(OA48)(OA49),         —Si(A50)(A51)(A52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NA53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHA54,         —C(NH)—NA55A56, —C(NA57)-NHA58, —C(NA59)-NA60A61,         —NH—C(O)—NH—O-A62, —NH—C(O)—NA63-O-A64, —NA65-C(O)—NA66-O-A67,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NA69-O-A70)₂,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A71)(—C(O)—NA72-O-A73), —C(S)-A74, —C(S)—O-A75,         —C(S)—NH-A76, —C(S)—NA77A78, —C(O)—NH—O-A79, —C(O)—NA80-O-A81,         —C(S)—NH—O-A82, —C(S)—NA83-O-A84, —C(O)—NH—NH-A85,         —C(O)—NH—NA86A87, —C(O)—NA88-NA89A90, —C(S)—NH—NH-A91,         —C(S)—NH-NA92A93, —C(S)—NA94-NA95A96, —C(O)—C(O)—O-A97,         —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHA98, —C(O)—C(O)—NA99A100,         —C(S)—C(O)—O-A101, —C(O)—C(S)—O-A102, —C(S)—C(S)—O-A103,         —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHA104, —C(S)—C(O)—NA105A106,         —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHA107, —C(S)—C(S)—NA108A109,         —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHA110, —C(O)—C(S)—NA111A112”;         -   wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12,             A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21, A22, A23, A24,             A25, A26, A27, A28, A29, A30, A31, A32, A33, A34, A35, A36,             A37, A38, A39, A40, A41, A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A48,             A49, A50, A51, A52, A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58, A59, A60,             A61, A62, A63, A64, A65, A66, A67, A68, A69, A70, A71, A72,             A73, A74, A75, A76, A77, A78, A79, A80, A81, A82, A83, A84,             A85, A86, A87, A88, A89, A90, A91, A92, A93, A94, A95, A96,             A97, A98, A99, A100, A101, A102, A103, A104, A105, A106,             A107, A108, A109, A110, A111, A112 are independently from             each other selected from the group consisting of: “alkyl,             (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl,             heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,             heteroarylalkyl” and wherein alternatively A7, A8 and/or             A16, A17 and/or A29, A30 and/or A36, A37 and/or A45, A46             and/or A55, A56 and/or A60, A61 and/or A77, A78 and/or A86,             A87 and/or A89, A90 and/or A92, A93 and/or A95, A96 and/or             A99, A100 and/or A105, A106 and/or A108, A109 and/or A111,             A112 respectively together can also form “heterocyclyl”;         -   wherein optionally above substituents of substituents             group (i) can in turn independently from each other be             substituted with one or more identical or different             substituents V;     -   m is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3;     -   n is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3;     -   o is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in one aspect by providing compounds according to formula (Ib)

wherein:

-   -   W₁, W₂ together independently form “—N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—,         —C(O)—N(R5)-, —C(O)—C(R6)(R7)-, —N═C[N(R8)(R9)]—”;     -   Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(O)—, —C(S)—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, single         bond”;     -   Y₂ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(R12)(R13)-, —O—, —N(R14)-, —C(O)—NH—, single bond”;     -   Z₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of “O, S,         N(R15)”;     -   L is independently selected from the group consisting of the         group consisting of:

-   -   B is independently selected from the group consisting of         “cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl”, wherein         “cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl” can be         independently substituted with one or more identical or         different substituents selected from the group consisting of:         “(i)” hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl,         cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl,         arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br,         —I, —CN, —CF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHX1, —NX2X3, —NO₂, —OH, —OCF₃,         —SCF₃, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H,         —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)—X4, —C(O)O—X5, —C(O)NH—X6, —C(O)NX7X8, —O—X9,         —O(—X10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(—X11-O)_(b)—X12 (b=1, 2,         3, 4, 5), —OC(O)—X13, —OC(O)—O—X14, —OC(O)—NHX15,         —O—C(O)—NX16X17, —OP(O)(OX18)(OX19), —OSi(X20)(X21)(X22),         —OS(O₂)—X23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)—X24, —NX25C(O)—X26,         —NH—C(O)—O—X27, —NH—C(O)—NH—X28, —NH—C(O)—NX29X30,         —NX31-C(O)—O—X32, —NX33-C(O)—NH—X34, —NX35-C(O)—NX36X37,         —NHS(O₂)—X38, —NX39S(O₂)—X40, —S—X41, —S(O)—X42, —S(O₂)—X43,         —S(O₂)NH—X44, —S(O₂)NX45X46, —S(O₂)O—X47, —P(O)(OX48)(OX49),         —Si(X50)(X51)(X52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NX53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHX54,         —C(NH)—NX55X56, —C(NX57)-NHX58, —C(NX59)-NX60X61,         —NH—C(O)—NH—O—X62, —NH—C(O)—NX63-O—X64, —NX65-C(O)—NX66-O—X67,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NX69-O—X70)₂,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X71)(—C(O)—NX72-O—X73), —C(S)—X74, —C(S)—O—X75,         —C(S)—NH—X76, —C(S)—NX77X78, —C(O)—NH—O—X79, —C(O)—NX80-O—X81,         —C(S)—NH—O—X82, —C(S)—NX83-O—X84, —C(O)—NH—NH—X85,         —C(O)—NH—NX86X87, —C(O)—NX88-NX89X90, —C(S)—NH—NH—X91,         —C(S)—NH—NX92X93, —C(S)—NX94-NX95X96, —C(O)—C(O)—O—X97,         —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHX98, —C(O)—C(O)—NX99X100,         —C(S)—C(O)—O—X101, —C(O)—C(S)—O—X102, —C(S)—C(S)—O—X103,         —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHX104, —C(S)—C(O)—NX105X106,         —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHX107, —C(S)—C(S)—NX108X109,         —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHX110, —C(O)—C(S)—NX111X112”;         -   wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12,             X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, X18, X19, X20, X21, X22, X23, X24,             X25, X26, X27, X28, X29, X30, X31, X32, X33, X34, X35, X36,             X37, X38, X39, X40, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X46, X47, X48,             X49, X50, X51, X52, X53, X54, X55, X56, X57, X58, X59, X60,             X61, X62, X63, X64, X65, X66, X67, X68, X69, X70, X71, X72,             X73, X74, X75, X76, X77, X78, X79, X80, X81, X82, X83, X84,             X85, X86, X87, X88, X89, X90, X91, X92, X93, X94, X95, X96,             X97, X98, X99, X100, X101, X102, X103, X104, X105, X106,             X107, X108, X109, X110, X111, X112 are independently from             each other selected from the group consisting of: “alkyl,             (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl,             heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,             heteroarylalkyl” and wherein alternatively X7, X8 and/or             X16, X17 and/or X29, X30 and/or X36, X37 and/or X45, X46             and/or X55, X56 and/or X60, X61 and/or X77, X78 and/or X86,             X87 and/or X89, X90 and/or X92, X93 and/or X95, X96 and/or             X99, X100 and/or X105, X106 and/or X108, X109 and/or X111,             X112 respectively together can also form “heterocyclyl”;         -   wherein optionally above substituents of substituents             group (i) can in turn independently from each other be             substituted with one or more identical or different             substituents V;     -   R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15         are independently from each other selected from the group         consisting of: “V”;     -   V is independently selected from the group consisting of: “(i)”         hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl,         heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,         heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —N₃,         —NH₂, —NHA1, —NA2A3, —NO₂, —OH, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —SH, —O—SO₃H,         —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)-A4,         —C(O)O-A5, —C(O)NH-A6, —C(O)NA7A8, —O-A9, —O(-A10-O)_(a)—H (a=1,         2, 3, 4, 5), —O(-A11-O)_(b)-A12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)-A13,         —OC(O)—O-A14, —OC(O)—NHA15, —O—C(O)—NA16A17, —OP(O)(OA18)(OA19),         —OSi(A20)(A21)(A22), —OS(O₂)-A23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)-A24,         —NA25C(O)-A26, —NH—C(O)—O-A27, —NH—C(O)—NH-A28,         —NH—C(O)—NA29A30, —NA31-C(O)—O-A32, —NA33-C(O)—NH-A34,         —NA35-C(O)—NA36A37, —NHS(O₂)-A38, —NA39S(O₂)-A40, —S-A41,         —S(O)-A42, —S(O₂)-A43, —S(O₂)NH-A44, —S(O₂)NA45A46, —S(O₂)O-A47,         —P(O)(OA48)(OA49), —Si(A50)(A51)(A52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NA53)-NH₂,         —C(NH)—NHA54, —C(NH)—NA55A56, —C(NA57)-NHA58, —C(NA59)-NA60A61,         —NH—C(O)—NH—O-A62, —NH—C(O)—NA63-O-A64, —NA65-C(O)—NA66-O-A67,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NA69-O-A70)₂,         —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A71)(—C(O)—NA72-O-A73), —C(S)-A74, —C(S)—O-A75,         —C(S)—NH-A76, —C(S)—NA77A78, —C(O)—NH—O-A79, —C(O)—NA80-O-A81,         —C(S)—NH—O-A82, —C(S)—NA83-O-A84, —C(O)—NH—NH-A85,         —C(O)—NH-NA86A87, —C(O)—NA88-NA89A90, —C(S)—NH—NH-A91,         —C(S)—NH-NA92A93, —C(S)—NA94-NA95A96, —C(O)—C(O)—O-A97,         —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHA98, —C(O)—C(O)—NA99A100,         —C(S)—C(O)—O-A101, —C(O)—C(S)—O-A102, —C(S)—C(S)—O-A103,         —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHA104, —C(S)—C(O)—NA105A106,         —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHA107, —C(S)—C(S)—NA108A109,         —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHA110, —C(O)—C(S)—NA111A112”;         -   wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12,             A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21, A22, A23, A24,             A25, A26, A27, A28, A29, A30, A31, A32, A33, A34, A35, A36,             A37, A38, A39, A40, A41, A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A48,             A49, A50, A51, A52, A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58, A59, A60,             A61, A62, A63, A64, A65, A66, A67, A68, A69, A70, A71, A72,             A73, A74, A75, A76, A77, A78, A79, A80, A81, A82, A83, A84,             A85, A86, A87, A88, A89, A90, A91, A92, A93, A94, A95, A96,             A97, A98, A99, A100, A101, A102, A103, A104, A105, A106,             A107, A108, A109, A110, A111, A112 are independently from             each other selected from the group consisting of: “alkyl,             (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl,             heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl,             heteroarylalkyl” and wherein alternatively A7, A8 and/or             A16, A17 and/or A29, A30 and/or A36, A37 and/or A45, A46             and/or A55, A56 and/or A60, A61 and/or A77, A78 and/or A86,             A87 and/or A89, A90 and/or A92, A93 and/or A95, A96 and/or             A99, A100 and/or A105, A106 and/or A108, A109 and/or A111,             A112 respectively together can also form “heterocyclyl”;         -   wherein optionally above substituents of substituents             group (i) can in turn independently from each other be             substituted with one or more identical or different             substituents V;     -   n is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a preferred embodiment, compounds according to formula (II) or (IIb) are provided,

wherein according to formulae (Ia) or (Ib) as defined supra:

-   -   Y₂ independently is a single bond;     -   n independently is 2;     -   W₁, W₂, Y₁, Y₃, L, Z₁, B, R1, R2, R3, R4 have the meanings         according to formulae (Ia) or (Ib) as defined supra;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   is independently substituted by a chemical group selected from         the group consisting of:

-   -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   W₁, W₂ together independently form “—N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—,         —C(S)—N(R5a)—”;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(O)—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, —S(O)₂—, single         bond”;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   Z₁ is independently “O”;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   B is independently selected from the group consisting of         “(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl,         [3,3′]bithiophenyl-5-yl, 1H-benzotriazol-5-yl, 1H-imidazol-4-yl,         2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl,         2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-cyclopropane-yl,         2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl,         2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2,3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-yl, 2,4-dichloro-phenyl,         2-chloro-phenyl, 2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-methyl-2H-indazol-3-yl,         2-methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, 2-pyridin-2-yl,         3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-5-yl,         3,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl,         3,4-dichloro-phenyl, 3,4-difluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3,4-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3,5-dibromo-4-methyl-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-phenyl,         3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3,5-dichloro-phenyl,         3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-phenyl,         3′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl,         3-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl,         3-bromo-5-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4,5-difluoro-phenyl,         3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl,         3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-phenyl,         3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl,         4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl,         4-(3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl,         4′-methyl-biphenyl-2-yl, 4′-methyl-biphenyl-3-yl,         4-bromo-2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl,         4-bromo-phenyl, 4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl,         4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-chloro-phenyl,         4-cyano-phenyl, 4-difluoromethoxy-phenyl,         4-difluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-ethyl-phenyl,         4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         4-isopropylphenyl, 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl,         4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl,         4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl,         4-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-methyl-phenyl,         4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-nitro-phenyl,         4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl,         4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl,         5-bromo-benzofuran-2-yl,         5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl,         5-trifluoromethyl-1H-benzoimidazole-2-yl, benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl,         phenyl, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl”;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, R4a, R4b, R5, R5a, R6, R7, R8, R9,         R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 are independently from each other         selected from the group consisting of: “hydrogen, alkyl, methyl,         ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br, —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃,         —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl,         —NO₂, —S(O)₂-methyl”     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   V is independently selected from the group consisting of         “hydrogen, alkyl, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br,         —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, ═O,         —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl, —NO₂, —S(O)₂-methyl”;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   m is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   n is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   o is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In a further preferred embodiment, compounds according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) as defined supra and above preferred embodiments are provided, wherein:

-   -   W₁, W₂ together independently form “—N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—,         —C(S)—N(R5a)—”;     -   Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of         “—C(O)—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, —S(O)₂—, single         bond”;     -   Z₁ is independently “O”;     -   B is independently selected from the group consisting of         “(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl,         [3,3′]bithiophenyl-5-yl, 1H-benzotriazol-5-yl, 1H-imidazol-4-yl,         2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl,         2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-cyclopropane-yl,         2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl,         2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2,3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-yl, 2,4-dichloro-phenyl,         2-chloro-phenyl, 2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-methyl-2H-indazol-3-yl,         2-methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, 2-pyridin-2-yl,         3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-5-yl,         3,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl,         3,4-dichloro-phenyl, 3,4-difluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3,4-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3,5-dibromo-4-methyl-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-phenyl,         3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3,5-dichloro-phenyl,         3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-phenyl,         3′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl,         3-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl,         3-bromo-5-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4,5-difluoro-phenyl,         3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl,         3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-phenyl,         3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl,         4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl,         4-(3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl,         4′-methyl-biphenyl-2-yl, 4′-methyl-biphenyl-3-yl,         4-bromo-2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl,         4-bromo-phenyl, 4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl,         4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl,         4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-chloro-phenyl,         4-cyano-phenyl, 4-difluoromethoxy-phenyl,         4-difluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-ethyl-phenyl,         4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         4-isopropylphenyl, 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl,         4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl,         4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl,         4-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-methyl-phenyl,         4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-nitro-phenyl,         4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl,         4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl,         5-bromo-benzofuran-2-yl,         5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl,         5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl,         5-trifluoromethyl-1H-benzoimidazole-2-yl, benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl,         phenyl, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl”;     -   R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, R4a, R4b, R5, R5a, R6, R7, R8, R9,         R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 are independently from each other         selected from the group consisting of: “hydrogen, alkyl, methyl,         ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br, —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃,         —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl,         —NO₂, —S(O)₂-methyl”     -   V is independently selected from the group consisting of         “hydrogen, alkyl, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br,         —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, ═O,         —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl, —NO₂, —S(O)₂-methyl”;     -   m is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   n is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   o is independently 0, 1 or 2;     -   and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs,         solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof         in all ratios.

In another aspect, the object of the invention has surprisingly been solved by providing a compound selected from the group consisting of:

Compound 1

3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-[1′-(3′- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2- carbonyl)-[4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]- propan-1-one Compound 2

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1- yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 3

5-Oxo-1-{1-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1H- benzotriazol-5-yl)-amide Compound 4

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1- yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 5

4-[5-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)- pyridin-3-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester Compound 6

4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-3-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 7

4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-pyrrolidin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 8

1H-Benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acid (1-{1-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- pyrrolidin-3-yl)-amide Compound 9

4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-pyrrolidin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 10

4-[3-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-piperazine- 1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester Compound 11

[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone Compound 12

1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 13

[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-3-yl)-methanone Compound 15

4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)- pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester Compound 16

4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)- pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester Compound 17

4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-2-yl- ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 19

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 20

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 21

3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-{4-[4-(3′- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-propan-1-one Compound 22

1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-[4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]- 3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 23

1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-[4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]- 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-ethanone Compound 24

1-{1-[4-Methyl-2-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazole-5- carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-5-oxo- pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1H- benzotriazol-5-yl)-amide Compound 25

4-[4-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazole-6-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester Compound 27

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1- yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl ester Compound 28

4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl- ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 29

9-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 3,9-diaza-spiro[5.5]undecane-3- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester Compound 30

4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-3-yl- ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 31

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (3,5- dichloro-phenyl)-amide Compound 32

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 33

6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one Compound 34

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 35

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 36

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-2-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 37

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester Compound 38

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 5- chloro-2-methoxy-benzyl ester Compound 39

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 40

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- methyl-benzyl ester Compound 41

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 42

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester Compound 43

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- isopropyl-benzyl ester Compound 45

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 46

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,4- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 47

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 48

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[4- methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]- piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)- methanone Compound 49

6-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- piperazine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one Compound 50

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 51

3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylamino]- pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 52

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5- trifluoromethyl-1H- benzoimidazole-2-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- methanone Compound 53

4-{4-[2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-2-oxo-pyrrolidin- 1-yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 54

4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl- phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 55

4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-pyrazol-1-yl- phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 56

4-{4-[4-(3-Methyl-5-oxo-4,5- dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl)- phenylcarbamoyl]-2-oxo- pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester Compound 57

4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,3]thiadiazol-4- yl-phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1- yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 58

(E)-3-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)-1-(4-{1- [3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- piperazin-1-yl)-propenone Compound 59

N-[4-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- piperazine-1-carbonyl)-phenyl]- methanesulfonamide Compound 60

1-(4-{4-[3-(1H-Imidazol-2-yl)- benzoyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin- 1-yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 61

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 62

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-2-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 63

3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylamino]- pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-2-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 64

6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Chloro-2-fluoro- phenyl)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one Compound 65

4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazole-6-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester Compound 66

1-{3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylamino]- pyrrolidin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2- fluoro-phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 67

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 68

3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylamino]- pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 69

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 70

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 71

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 72

2-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-N-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-2-oxo-acetamide Compound 73

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2- fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 74

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2- fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 75

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3- fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 76

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 77

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 78

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 79

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4,5- trifluoro-benzyl ester Compound 80

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- bromo-benzyl ester Compound 81

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-propan-1- one Compound 82

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 83

(E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propenone Compound 84

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one Compound 85

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4- dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 86

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester Compound 87

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- isopropyl-benzyl ester Compound 88

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-methanesulfonyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 89

4-{4-[(S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-imidazol- 4-yl)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 90

(E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- propenone Compound 91

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[1-(3,5- dichloro-4-fluoro-benzoyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1-yl}- methanone Compound 92

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 93

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-4-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 94

4-(3-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-oxo-propyl)-benzonitrile Compound 95

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 96

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 97

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-4-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 98

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dibromo-4-methyl-benzyl ester Compound 99

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 5- chloro-2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester Compound 100

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 101

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 102

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-2-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone Compound 103

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-2-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone Compound 104

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 105

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 106

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 107

4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazol-6-yl)-4,5-dihydro- pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester Compound 108

4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazol-5-yl)-pyrazol-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 109

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylmethyl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 110

4-{5-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-pyridin-2-yl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 111

4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-2-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 112

4-[4-(3-Amino-1H-indazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 113

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3- dilfuoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 114

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 115

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperaizne-1-carboxylic acid 3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 116

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4,5-difluoro-benzyl ester Compound 117

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-3-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 118

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- fluoro-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 119

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 120

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-benzyl ester Compound 121

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 122

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl- benzylamide Compound 123

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propane- 1,2-dione Compound 124

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(4′- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-methanone Compound 125

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(3′- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-methanone Compound 126

4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzothiazole-6-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester Compound 127

4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- benzoimidazole-5-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester Compound 128

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 129

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3-chloro-4,5-difluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 130

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3,5-dibromo-4-methyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 131

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(4- chloro-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4- ylmethyl ester Compound 132

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester Compound 133

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 134

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2- methyl-2H-indazol-3-ylmethyl ester Compound 135

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid [3,3′]bithiophenyl-5-ylmethyl ester Compound 136

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl ester Compound 137

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3- dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6- ylmethyl ester Compound 138

2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4- [2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1- yl)-ethanone Compound 139

4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl- acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine- 1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 140

4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl- acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine- 1-carboxylic acid (3,5-dichloro- phenyl)-amide Compound 141

2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4- [2-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1- yl)-ethanone Compound 142

6-(4-{4-[2-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one Compound 143

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 144

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 145

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 146

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- bromo-5-chloro-benzyl ester Compound 147

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperaizne-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dimethyl-benzyl ester Compound 148

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dibromo-benzyl ester Compound 149

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- methylsulfanyl-benzyl ester Compound 150

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dimethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 151

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- ethyl-benzyl ester Compound 152

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 153

4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzothiazole-6-sulfonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 154

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- bromo-5-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 155

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- bromo-benzyl ester Compound 156

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- bromo-2-fluoro-benzyl ester Compound 157

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- bromo-2,6-difluoro-benzyl ester Compound 158

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 159

(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5- bromo-benzofuran-2-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- methanone Compound 160

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy- phenoxy)-ethanone Compound 161

4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- benzoimidazole-5-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 162

4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 163

4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzothiazole-6-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 164

1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propane-1,3-dione Compound 165

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4- difluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 166

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 167

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- difluoromethoxy-benzyl ester Compound 168

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- difluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester Compound 169

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (R)- 1-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- ethyl ester Compound 170

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-p-tolyl-1- trifluoromethyl-ethyl ester Compound 171

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (S)- 1-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- ethyl ester Compound 172

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1- (3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- ethyl ester Compound 173

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2- methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-ylmethyl ester Compound 174

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2-(4- chloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5- ylmethyl ester Compound 175

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-(4- chloro-phenyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-5- ylmethyl ester Compound 176

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)- butan-1-one Compound 177

1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- butan-1-one Compound 178

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1- (3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- cyclopropyl ester Compound 179

(1H-Benzoriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[2-(4- chloro-phenyl)- cyclopropanecarbonyl]-piperazin- 1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone Compound 180

2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-N-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-acetamide Compound 181

2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-N-(5-chloro-2-methoxy- phenyl)-acetamide Compound 182

4-{[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-pyrrolidin-3-yl]-methyl- amino}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 183

4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- benzooxazole-6-sulfonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 184

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-3-oxo- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 185

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester Compound 186

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 187

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 188

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester Compound 189

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester and the physiologically acceptable salts, derivatives, prodrugs, solvates and stereoisomers thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios.

For the avoidance of doubt, if chemical name and chemical structure of the above illustrated compounds do not correspond by mistake, the chemical structure is regarded to unambiguously define the compound.

All the above generically or explicitly disclosed compounds, including preferred subsets/embodiments of the herein disclosed formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (II) or (IIb) and Compounds 1 to 189, are hereinafter referred to as compounds of the (present) invention.

The nomenclature as used herein for defining compounds, especially the compounds according to the invention, is in general based on the rules of the IUPAC organisation for chemical compounds and especially organic compounds.

The terms indicated for explanation of the above compounds of the invention always, unless indicated otherwise in the description or in the claims, have the following meanings:

The term “unsubstituted” means that the corresponding radical, group or moiety has no substituents.

The term “substituted” means that the corresponding radical, group or moiety has one or more substituents. Where a radical has a plurality of substituents, and a selection of various substituents is specified, the substituents are selected independently of one another and do not need to be identical.

The terms “alkyl” or “A” as well as other groups having the prefix “alk” for the purposes of this invention refer to acyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals which may be branched or straight-chain and preferably have 1 to 8 carbon atoms, i.e. C₁-C₈-alkanyls, C₂-C₈-alkenyls and C₂-C₈-alkynyls. Alkenyls have at least one C—C double bond and alkynyls at least one C—C triple bond. Alkynyls may additionally also have at least one C—C double bond. Examples of suitable alkyl radicals are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, 2- or 3-methyl-pentyl, n-hexyl, 2-hexyl, isohexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-icosanyl, n-docosanyl, ethylenyl(vinyl), propenyl (—CH₂CH═CH₂; —CH═CH—CH₃, —C(═CH₂)—CH₃), butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, octadienyl, octadecenyl, octadec-9-enyl, icosenyl, icos-11-enyl, (Z)-icos-11-enyl, docosnyl, docos-13-enyl, (Z)-docos-13-enyl, ethynyl, propynyl (—CH₂—C≡CH, —C≡C—CH₃), butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl. Especially preferred is C₁-₄-alkyl. A C₁-₄-alkyl radical is for example a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl.

The term “(C₉-C₃₀)alkyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to acyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals which may be branched or straight-chain and have 9 to 30 carbon atoms, i.e. C₉-₃₀-alkanyls, C₉-₃₀-alkenyls and C₉-₃₀-alkynyls. C₉-₃₀-Alkenyls have at least one C—C double bond and C₉-₃₀-alkynyls at least one C—C triple bond. C₉-₃₀-Alkynyls may additionally also have at least one C—C double bond. Examples of suitable (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl radicals are tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosanyl, cis-13-docosenyl(erucyl), trans-13-docosenyl(brassidyl), cis-15-tetracosenyl(nervonyl) and trans-15-tetracosenyl.

The term “cycloalkyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to saturated and partially unsaturated non-aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon groups/radicals, having 1 to 3 rings, that contain 3 to 20, preferably 3 to 12, most preferably 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The cycloalkyl radical may also be part of a bi- or polycyclic system, where, for example, the cycloalkyl radical is fused to an aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl radical as defined herein by any possible and desired ring member(s). The bonding to the compounds of the general formula can be effected via any possible ring member of the cycloalkyl radical. Examples of suitable cycloalkyl radicals are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclopentenyl and cyclooctadienyl. Especially preferred are C₃-C₉-cycloalkyl and C₄-C₈-cycloalkyl. A C₄-C₉-cycloalkyl radical is for example a cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl.

The term “heterocyclyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a mono- or polycyclic system of 3 to 20, preferably 5 or 6 to 14 ring atoms comprising carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 heteroatoms, in particular nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur which are identical or different. The cyclic system may be saturated, mono- or polyunsaturated but may not be aromatic. In the case of a cyclic system consisting of at least two rings the rings may be fused or spiro- or otherwise connected. Such “heterocyclyl” radicals can be linked via any ring member. The term “heterocyclyl” also includes systems in which the heterocycle is part of a bi- or polycyclic saturated, partially unsaturated and/or aromatic system, such as where the heterocycle is fused to an “aryl”, “cycloalkyl”, “heteroaryl” or “heterocyclyl” group as defined herein via any desired and possible ring member of the heterocycyl radical. The bonding to the compounds of the general formula can be effected via any possible ring member of the heterocycyl radical. Examples of suitable “heterocyclyl” radicals are pyrrolidinyl, thiapyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, oxapiperazinyl, oxapiperidinyl, oxadiazolyl, tetrahydrofuryl, imidazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, dihydropyranyl, indolinyl, indolinylmethyl, imidazolidinyl, 2-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl.

The term “aryl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon systems having 3 to 14, preferably 5 to 14, more preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The term “aryl” also includes systems in which the aromatic cycle is part of a bi- or polycyclic saturated, partially unsaturated and/or aromatic system, such as where the aromatic cycle is fused to an “aryl”, “cycloalkyl”, “heteroaryl” or “heterocyclyl” group as defined herein via any desired and possible ring member of the aryl radical. The bonding to the compounds of the general formula can be effected via any possible ring member of the aryl radical. Examples of suitable “aryl” radicals are phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl and anthracenyl, but likewise indanyl, indenyl, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl. The most preferred aryl is phenyl.

The term “heteroaryl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a 3 to 15, preferably 5 to 14, more preferably 5-, 6- or 7-membered mono- or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical which comprises at least 1, where appropriate also 2, 3, 4 or 5 heteroatoms, preferably nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur, where the heteroatoms are identical or different. The number of nitrogen atoms is preferably 0, 1, 2, or 3, and that of the oxygen and sulfur atoms is independently 0 or 1. The term “heteroaryl” also includes systems in which the aromatic cycle is part of a bi- or polycyclic saturated, partially unsaturated and/or aromatic system, such as where the aromatic cycle is fused to an “aryl”, “cycloalkyl”, “heteroaryl” or “heterocyclyl” group as defined herein via any desired and possible ring member of the heteroaryl radical. The bonding to the compounds of the general formula can be effected via any possible ring member of the heteroaryl radical. Examples of suitable “heteroaryl” are acridinyl, benzdioxinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, carbazolyl, cinnolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, furanyl, furazanyl, furyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, isobenzylfuranyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isoquinolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, thiophenyl, triazinyl, triazolyl.

For the purposes of the present invention, the terms “alkyl-cycloalkyl”, “cycloalkylalkyl”, “alkyl-heterocyclyl”, “heterocyclylalkyl”, “alkyl-aryl”, “arylalkyl”, “alkyl-heteroaryl” and “heteroarylalkyl” mean that alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycl, aryl and heteroaryl are each as defined above, and the cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl radical is bonded to the compounds of the general formula via an alkyl radical, preferably C₁-C₈-alkyl radical, more preferably C₁-C₄-alkyl radical.

The term “alkyloxy” or “alkoxy” for the purposes of this invention refers to an alkyl radical according to above definition that is attached to an oxygen atom. The attachment to the compounds of the general formula is via the oxygen atom. Examples are methoxy, ethoxy and n-propyloxy, propoxy, isopropoxy. Preferred is “C₁-C₄-alkyloxy” having the indicated number of carbon atoms.

The term “cycloalkyloxy” or “cycloalkoxy” for the purposes of this invention refers to a cycloalkyl radical according to above definition that is attached to an oxygen atom. The attachment to the compounds of the general formula is via the oxygen atom. Examples are cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, cyclooctyloxy. Preferred is “C₃-C₉cycloalkyloxy” having the indicated number of carbon atoms.

The term “heterocyclyloxy” for the purposes of this invention refers to a heterocyclyl radical according to above definition that is attached to an oxygen atom. The attachment to the compounds of the general formulae is via the oxygen atom. Examples are pyrrolidinyloxy, thiapyrrolidinyloxy, piperidinyloxy, piperazinyloxy.

The term “aryloxy” for the purposes of this invention refers to an aryl radical according to above definition that is attached to an oxygen atom. The attachment to the compounds of the general formula is via the oxygen atom. Examples are phenyloxy, 2-naphthyloxy, 1-naphthyloxy, biphenyloxy, indanyloxy. Preferred is phenyloxy.

The term “heteroaryloxy” for the purposes of this invention refers to a heteroaryl radical according to above definition that is attached to an oxygen atom. The attachment to the compounds of the general formula is via the oxygen atom. Examples are pyrrolyloxy, thienyloxy, furyloxy, imidazolyloxy, thiazolyloxy.

The term “carbonyl” or “carbonyl moiety” for the purposes of this invention refers to a —C(O)— group.

The term “alkylcarbonyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a “alkyl-C(O)—” group, wherein alkyl is as defined herein.

The term “alkoxycarbonyl” or “alkyloxycarbonyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a “alkyl-O—C(O)—” group, wherein alkyl is as defined herein.

The term “alkoxyalkyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to a “alkyl-O-alkyl-” group, wherein alkyl is as defined herein.

The term “haloalkyl” for the purposes of this invention refers to an alkyl group as defined herein comprising at least one carbon atom substituent with at least one halogen as defined herein.

The term “halogen”, “halogen atom”, “halogen substituent” or “Hal” for the purposes of this invention refers to one or, where appropriate, a plurality of fluorine (F, fluoro), bromine (Br, bromo), chlorine (Cl, chloro), or iodine (I, iodo) atoms. The designations “dihalogen”, “trihalogen” and “perhalogen” refer respectively to two, three and four substituents, where each substituent can be selected independently from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. “Halogen” preferably means a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom. Fluorine is most preferred, when the halogens are substituted on an alkyl(haloalkyl) or alkoxy group (e.g. CF₃ and CF₃O).

The term “hydroxyl” or “hydroxy” means an OH group.

The term “composition”, as in pharmaceutical composition, for the purposes of this invention is intended to encompass a product comprising the active ingredient(s), and the inert ingredient(s) that make up the carrier, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination, complexation or aggregation of any two or more of the ingredients, or from dissociation of one or more of the ingredients, or from other types of reactions or interactions of one or more of the ingredients. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention encompass any composition made by admixing a compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The terms “administration of” and “administering a” compound should be understood to mean providing a compound of the invention or a prodrug of a compound of the invention to the individualist need.

As used herein, the term “effective amount” refers to any amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought, for instance, by a researcher or clinician. Furthermore, the term “therapeutically effective amount” means any amount which, as compared to a corresponding subject who has not received such amount, results in improved treatment, healing, prevention, or amelioration of a disease, disorder, or side effect, or a decrease in the rate of advancement of a disease or disorder. The term also includes within its scope amounts effective to enhance normal physiological function.

All stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention are contemplated, either in a mixture or in pure or substantially pure form. The compounds of the invention can have asymmetric centers at any of the carbon atoms. Consequently, they can exist in the form of their racemates, in the form of the pure enantiomers and/or diastereomers or in the form of mixtures of these enantiomers and/or diastereomers. The mixtures may have any desired mixing ratio of the stereoisomers.

Thus, for example, the compounds of the invention which have one or more centers of chirality and which occur as racemates or as diastereomer mixtures can be fractionated by methods known per se into their optical pure isomers, i.e. enantiomers or diastereomers. The separation of the compounds of the invention can take place by column separation on chiral or nonchiral phases or by recrystallization from an optionally optically active solvent or with use of an optically active acid or base or by derivatization with an optically active reagent such as, for example, an optically active alcohol, and subsequent elimination of the radical.

The compounds of the invention may be present in the form of their double bond isomers as “pure” E or Z isomers, or in the form of mixtures of these double bond isomers.

Where possible, the compounds of the invention may be in the form of the tautomers, such as keto-enol tautomers.

It is likewise possible for the compounds of the invention to be in the form of any desired prodrugs such as, for example, esters, carbonates, carbamates, ureas, amides or phosphates, in which cases the actually biologically active form is released only through metabolism. Any compound that can be converted in vivo to provide the bioactive agent (i.e. compounds of the invention) is a prodrug within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Various forms of prodrugs are well known in the art and are described for instance in:

-   (i) Wermuth C G et al., Chapter 31: 671-696, The Practice of     Medicinal Chemistry, Academic Press 1996; -   (ii) Bundgaard H, Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier 1985; and -   (iii) Bundgaard H, Chapter 5: 131-191, A Textbook of Drug Design and     Development, Harwood Academic Publishers 1991.

Said references are incorporated herein by reference.

It is further known that chemical substances are converted in the body into metabolites which may where appropriate likewise elicit the desired biological effect—in some circumstances even in more pronounced form.

Any biologically active compound that was converted in vivo by metabolism from any of the compounds of the invention is a metabolite within the scope and spirit of the invention.

The compounds of the invention can, if they have a sufficiently basic group such as, for example, a secondary or tertiary amine, be converted with inorganic and organic acids into salts. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention are preferably formed with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, iodic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, carbonic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sulfoacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, racemic acid, malic acid, embonic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, taurocholic acid, glutaric acid, stearic acid, glutamic acid or aspartic acid. The salts which are formed are, inter alia, hydrochlorides, chlorided, hydrobromides, bromides, iodides, sulfates, phosphates, methanesulfonates, tosylates, carbonates, bicarbonates, formates, acetates, sulfoacetates, triflates, oxalates, malonates, maleates, succinates, tartrates, malates, embonates, mandelates, fumarates, lactates, citrates, glutarates, stearates, aspartates and glutamates. The stoichiometry of the salts formed from the compounds of the invention may moreover be an integral or non-integral multiple of one.

The compounds of the invention can, if they contain a sufficiently acidic group such as, for example, the carboxy, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid or a phenolic group, be converted with inorganic and organic bases into their physiologically tolerated salts. Examples of suitable inorganic bases are ammonium, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and of organic bases are ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, t-butylamine, t-octylamine, dehydroabietylamine, cyclohexylamine, dibenzylethylene-diamine and lysine. The stoichiometry of the salts formed from the compounds of the invention can moreover be an integral or non-integral multiple of one.

It is likewise possible for the compounds of the invention to be in the form of their solvates and, in particular, hydrates which can be obtained for example by crystallization from a solvent or from aqueous solution. It is moreover possible for one, two, three or any number of solvate or water molecules to combine with the compounds of the invention to give solvates and hydrates.

By the term “solvate” is meant a hydrate, an alcoholate, or other solvate of crystallization.

It is known that chemical substances form solids which exist in different order states which are referred to as polymorphic forms or modifications. The various modifications of a polymorphic substance may differ greatly in their physical properties. The compounds of the invention can exist in various polymorphic forms and certain modifications may moreover be metastable. All these polymorphic forms of the compounds are to be regarded as belonging to the invention.

The compounds of the invention are surprisingly characterized by a strong and/or selective inhibition of autotaxin.

Due to their surprisingly strong and/or selective enzyme inhibition, the compounds of the invention can be advantageously administered at lower doses compared to other less potent or selective inhibitors of the prior art while still achieving equivalent or even superior desired biological effects. In addition, such a dose reduction may advantageously lead to less or even no medicinal adverse effects. Further, the high inhibition selectivity of the compounds of the invention may translate into a decrease of undesired side effects on its own regardless of the dose applied.

The compounds of the invention being autotaxin inhibitors generally have an inhibition constant IC₅₀ of less than about 30 μM, and preferably less than about 5 μM.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing the use of a compound of the invention as autotaxin inhibitor.

The terms “inhibiting, inhibition and/or retardation” are intended to refer for the purposes of the present invention to as follows: “partial or complete inhibiting, inhibition and/or retardation”. In this case, it is within the specialist knowledge of the average person skilled in the art to measure and determine such inhibiting, inhibition, and/or retardation by means of the usual methods of measurement and determination. Thus, a partial inhibiting, inhibition and/or retardation, for example, can be measured and determined in relation to a complete inhibiting, inhibition and/or retardation.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing a process for the preparation of a compound of the invention, comprising the steps:

-   -   (a) reacting a compound of the formula (III),

-   -   -   wherein L is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   -   and W₁, W₂, Y₁, R1, R2, R3a, R4a, V, m have the meanings as             indicated supra, with a compound of the formula (IVa) or             (IVb),

-   -   -   wherein B, Y₃, R3, R4, n have the meanings as indicated             supra, and a compound selected from the group consisting of:             1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene             to yield a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II)             as indicated supra, in which Z₁ denotes “O” and Y₂ denotes             “O”;

    -   or

    -   (b) reacting a compound of the formula (V)

-   -   -   wherein L is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   -   and B, Y₂. Y₃, R3, R4, R3b, R4b, V, n, o have the meanings             as indicated supra, with a compound of the formula (VI)

-   -   -   wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2, R3a, R4a, m have the meanings as             indicated supra, to yield a compound according to formulae             (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as indicated supra, in which Z₁ denotes             “O”, and Y₁ denotes “—C(O)—”;

    -   or

    -   (c) reacting a compound of the formula (VII)

-   -   -   wherein L, Y₂, Y₃, B, R3, R4, R3b, R4b, n, o have the             meanings as indicated supra, with a compound of formula             (VIII)

-   -   -   wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2, R10 have the meanings as indicated             supra, to yield a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib)             or (II) as indicated supra, in which Z₁ denotes “O” and Y₁             denotes “—N(R10)-C(O)—”);

    -   or

    -   (d) liberating them from one of their functional derivatives         (e.g. with protection groups) by treating them with an acidic,         basic, solvolyzing or hydrogenolyzing agent.

    -   and/or converting a base or an acid of a compound according to         formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) into one of its salts.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing a process for the preparation of a compound of the invention, comprising the steps:

-   -   (a) reacting a compound of the formula (IIIb),

-   -   -   wherein L is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   -   and W₁, W₂, Y₁, R1, R2 have the meanings as indicated supra,             with a compound of the formula (IVb),

-   -   -   wherein B, R3, R4, n have the meanings as indicated supra,             and a compound selected from the group consisting of:             1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene             to yield a compound according to formula (Ib) as indicated             supra, in which Z₁ denotes “O” and Y₂ denotes “O”;

    -   or

    -   (b) reacting a compound of the formula (Vb)

-   -   -   wherein L is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   -   and B, R3, R4, V, n have the meanings as indicated supra,             with a compound of the formula (VIb)

-   -   -   wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2 have the meanings as indicated supra,             to yield a compound according to formula (Ib) as indicated             supra, in which Z₁ denotes “O”, Y₁ denotes “—C(O)—, and Y₂             denotes “single bond” or “—CH₂—”;

    -   or

    -   (c) reacting a compound of the formula (VIIb)

-   -   -   wherein L, Y₂, B, R3, R4, n have the meanings as indicated             supra, with a compound of formula (VIIIb)

-   -   -   wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2, R10 have the meanings as indicated             supra, to yield a compound according to formula (Ib) as             indicated supra, in which Z₁ denotes “O” and Y₁ denotes             “—N(R10)-C(O)—”).

All crude products were subjected to standard chromatography using solvent mixtures containing methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, cyclohexane or petrol ether, respectively.

For a further detailed description of the manufacturing processes, please refer also to the examples and the following general description of the preferred conditions.

A physiologically acceptable salt of a compound of the invention can also be obtained by isolating and/or treating the compound of the invention obtained by the described reaction with an acid or a base.

The compounds of the invention and also the starting materials for their preparation are, are prepared by methods as described in the examples or by methods known per se, as described in the literature (for example in standard works, such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart; Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York), to be precise under reaction conditions which are known and suitable for the said reactions. Use can also be made here of variants which are known per se, but are not mentioned here in greater detail.

The starting materials for the claimed process may, if desired, also be formed in situ by not isolating them from the reaction mixture, but instead immediately converting them further into the compounds of the invention. On the other hand, it is possible to carry out the reaction stepwise.

Preferably, the reaction of the compounds is carried out in the presence of a suitable solvent, which is preferably inert under the respective reaction conditions. Examples of suitable solvents are hydrocarbons, such as hexane, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene or xylene; chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as trichlorethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachloromethane, chloroform or dichloromethane; alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol or tert-butanol; ethers, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or dioxane; glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether or ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme); ketones, such as acetone or butanone; amides, such as acetamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP); nitriles, such as acetonitrile; sulfoxides, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); nitro compounds, such as nitromethane or nitrobenzene; esters, such as ethyl acetate, or mixtures of the said solvents or mixtures with water. Polar solvents are in general preferred. Examples for suitable polar solvents are chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycol ethers, nitriles, amides and sulfoxides or mixtures thereof. More preferred are amides, especially dimethylformamide (DMF).

As stated above, the reaction temperature is between about −100° C. and 300° C., depending on the reaction step and the conditions used.

Reaction times are generally in the range between some minutes and several days, depending on the reactivity of the respective compounds and the respective reaction conditions. Suitable reaction times are readily determinable by methods known in the art, for example reaction monitoring. Based on the reaction temperatures given above, suitable reaction times generally lie in the range between 10 min and 48 hrs.

A base of a compound of the invention can be converted into the associated acid-addition salt using an acid, for example by reaction of equivalent amounts of the base and the acid in a preferably inert solvent, such as ethanol, followed by evaporation. Suitable acids for this reaction are, in particular, those which give physiologically acceptable salts. Thus, it is possible to use inorganic acids, for example sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, dithionic acid, nitric acid, hydrohalic acids, such as hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acids, such as, for example, orthophosphoric acid, sulfamic acid, furthermore organic acids, in particular aliphatic, alicyclic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic monobasic or polybasic carboxylic, sulfonic or sulfuric acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, pivalic acid, diethylacetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, pimelic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, ascorbic acid, nicotinic acid, isonicotinic acid, methane- or ethanesulfonic acid, ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, trimethoxybenzoic acid, adamantanecarboxylic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, glycolic acid, embonic acid, chlorophenoxyacetic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, glyoxylic acid, palmitic acid, parachlorophenoxyisobutyric acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, glucose 1-phosphate, naphthalenemono- and -disulfonic acids or laurylsulfuric acid.

Salts with physiologically unacceptable acids, for example picrates, can be used to isolate and/or purify the compounds of the invention.

On the other hand, compounds of the invention can be converted into the corresponding metal salts, in particular alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, or into the corresponding ammonium salts, using bases (for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate). Suitable salts are furthermore substituted ammonium salts, for example the dimethyl-, diethyl- and diisopropylammonium salts, monoethanol-, diethanol- and diisopropanolammonium salts, cyclohexyl- and dicyclohexylammonium salts, dibenzylethylenediammonium salts, furthermore, for example, salts with arginine or lysine.

If desired, the free bases of the compounds of the invention can be liberated from their salts by treatment with strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, so long as no further acidic groups are present in the molecule. In the cases where the compounds of the invention have free acid groups, salt formation can likewise be achieved by treatment with bases. Suitable bases are alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides or organic bases in the form of primary, secondary or tertiary amines.

Every reaction step described herein can optionally be followed by one or more working up procedures and/or isolating procedures. Suitable such procedures are known in the art, for example from standard works, such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart). Examples for such procedures include, but are not limited to evaporating a solvent, distilling, crystallization, fractionised crystallization, extraction procedures, washing procedures, digesting procedures, filtration procedures, chromatography, chromatography by HPLC and drying procedures, especially drying procedures in vacuo and/or elevated temperature.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing a medicament comprising at least one compound of the invention.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing a medicament comprising at least one compound of the invention for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions, which are caused, mediated and/or propagated by increased lysophosphatic acid levels and/or the activation of autotaxin. A corresponding use for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the aforementioned conditions is intended to be comprised.

The object of the present invention has surprisingly been solved in another aspect by providing a medicament comprising at least one compound of the invention for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions selected from the group consisting of: “cancer, tumour, malignant tumours, benign tumours, solid tumours, sarcomas, carcinomas, hyperproliferative disorders, carcinoids, Ewing sarcomas, Kaposi sarcomas, brain tumours, tumours originating from the brain and/or the nervous system and/or the meninges, gliomas, glioblastomas, neuroblastomas, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, kidney cell carcinomas, prostate cancer, prostate carcinomas, connective tissue tumours, soft tissue sarcomas, pancreas tumours, liver tumours, head tumours, neck tumours, laryngeal cancer, oesophageal cancer, thyroid cancer, osteosarcomas, retinoblastomas, thymoma, testicular cancer, lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, bronchial carcinomas, breast cancer, mamma carcinomas, intestinal cancer, colorectal tumours, colon carcinomas, rectum carcinomas, gynaecological tumours, ovary tumours/ovarian tumours, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, cervix carcinomas, cancer of body of uterus, corpus carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, urinary bladder cancer, urogenital tract cancer, bladder cancer, skin cancer, epithelial tumours, squamous epithelial carcinoma, basaliomas, spinaliomas, melanomas, intraocular melanomas, leukaemias, monocyte leukaemia, chronic leukaemias, chronic myelotic leukaemia, chronic lymphatic leukemia, acute leukaemias, acute myelotic leukaemia, acute lymphatic leukemia, lymphomas, angiogenesis, arteriosclerosis, opthalmic diseases, choroidal neovascularization, diabetic retinopathy, inflammatory diseases, arthritis, neurodegeneration, restenosis, wound healing and/or transplant rejection”. A corresponding use for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the aforementioned conditions is intended to be comprised.

Compounds of the invention may be used in combination with one or more other active substances (ingredients, drugs) in the treatment, prevention, suppression or amelioration of diseases or conditions for which compounds of the invention or the other substances have utility. Typically the combination of the drugs is safer or more effective than either drug alone, or the combination is safer or more effective than would it be expected based on the additive properties of the individual drugs. Such other drug(s) may be administered, by a route and in an amount commonly used contemporaneously or sequentially with a compound of the invention. When a compound of the invention is used contemporaneously with one or more other drugs, a combination product containing such other drug(s) and the compound of the invention is preferred. However, combination therapy also includes therapies in which the compound of the invention and one or more other drugs are administered on different overlapping schedules. It is contemplated that when used in combination with other active ingredients, the compound of the present invention or the other active ingredient or both may be used effectively in lower doses than when each is used alone. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include those that contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of the invention.

Examples of other active substances (ingredients, drugs) that may be administered in combination with a compound of the invention, and either administered separately or in the same pharmaceutical composition, include, but are not limited to the compounds classes and specific compounds listed in Table 1:

TABLE 1 Alkylating agents Cyclophosphamide Lomustine Busulfane Procarbazine Ifosfamide Altretamine Melphalane Estramustinphosphate Hexamethylmelamine Mechlorethamine Thiotepa Streptozocine Chlorambucil Temozolomide Dacarbazine Semustine Carmustine Platinum agents Cisplatin Carboplatin Oxaliplatin ZD-0473 (AnorMED) Spiroplatin Lobaplatin (AeternaZentaris) Carboxyphthalatoplatinum Satraplatin (Johnson Tetraplatin Matthey) Ormiplatin BBR-3464 (Hoffrnann-La Iproplatin Roche) SM-11355 (Sumitomo) AP-5280 (Access) Antimetabolites Azacytidine Tomudex Gemcitabine Trimetrexate Capecitabine Deoxycoformycine 5-Fluoruracil Fludarabine Floxuridine Pentostatine 2-Chlordesoxyadenosine Raltitrexede 6-Mercaptopurine Hydroxyurea 6-Thioguanine Decitabine (SuperGen) Cytarabine Clofarabine (Bioenvision) 2-Fluordesoxycytidine Irofulven (MGI Pharma) Methotrexate DMDC (Hoffmann-La Roche) Idatrexate Ethinylcytidine (Taiho) Topoisomerase Amsacrine Rubitecane (SuperGen) inhibitors Epirubicine Exatecanmesylate (Daiichi) Etoposide Quinamed (ChemGenex) Teniposide or Mitoxantrone Gimatecane (Sigma- Tau) Irinotecane (CPT-11) Diflomotecane (Beaufour- 7-Ethyl-10- Ipsen) hydroxycamptothecine TAS-103 (Taiho) Topotecane Elsamitrucine (Spectrum) Dexrazoxanet (TopoTarget) J-107088 (Merck & Co) Pixantrone (Novuspharrna) BNP-1350 (BioNumerik) Rebeccamycin-Analogue CKD-602 (Chong Kun Dang) (Exelixis) KW-2170 (Kyowa Hakko) BBR-3576 (Novuspharrna) Antitumour antibiotics Dactinomycin (Actinomycin Amonafide D) Azonafide Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) Anthrapyrazole Deoxyrubicin Oxantrazole Valrubicin Losoxantrone Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) Bleomycinsulfate (Blenoxan) Epirubicin Bleomycinacid Therarubicin Bleomycin A Idarubicin Bleomycin B Rubidazone Mitomycin C Plicamycinp MEN-10755 (Menarini) Porfiromycin GPX-100 (Gem Cyanomorpholinodoxorubicin Pharmaceuticals) Mitoxantron (Novantron) Antimitotic agents Paclitaxel SB 408075 Docetaxel (GlaxoSmithKline) Colchicin E7010 (Abbott) Vinblastine PG-TXL (Cell Therapeutics) Vincristine IDN 5109 (Bayer) Vinorelbine A 105972 (Abbott) Vindesine A 204197 (Abbott) Dolastatine 10 (NCI) LU 223651 (BASF) Rhizoxine (Fujisawa) D 24851 (ASTA Medica) Mivobuline (Warner-Lambert) ER-86526 (Eisai) Cemadotine (BASF) Combretastatine A4 (BMS) RPR 109881A (Aventis) Isohomohalichondrin-B TXD 258 (Aventis) (PharmaMar) Epothilon B (Novartis) ZD 6126 (AstraZeneca) T 900607 (Tularik) PEG-Paclitaxel (Enzon) T 138067 (Tularik) AZ10992 (Asahi) Cryptophycin 52 (Eli Lilly) !DN-5109 (Indena) Vinflunine (Fabre) AVLB (Prescient Auristatine PE (Teikoku NeuroPharma) Hormone) Azaepothilon B (BMS) BMS 247550 (BMS) BNP- 7787 (BioNumerik) BMS 184476 (BMS) CA-4-Prodrug (OXiGENE) BMS 188797 (BMS) Dolastatin-10 (NrH) Taxoprexine (Protarga) CA-4 (OXiGENE) Aromatase inhibitors Aminoglutethimide Exemestane Letrozole Atamestane (BioMedicines) Anastrazole YM-511 (Yamanouchi) Formestane Thymidylatesynthase Pemetrexed (Eli Lilly) Nolatrexed (Eximias) inhibitors ZD-9331 (BTG) CoFactor ™ (BioKeys) DNA antagonists Trabectedine (PharmaMar) Mafosfamide (Baxter Glufosfamide (Baxter International) International) Apaziquone (Spectrum Albumin + 32P (Isotope Pharmaceuticals) Solutions) O6-Benzylguanine (Paligent) Thymectacine (NewBiotics) Edotreotide (Novartis) Farnesyltransferase Arglabine (NuOncology Labs) Tipifarnibe (Johnson & inhibitors Ionafarnibe (Schering- Johnson) Plough) Perillylalcohol (DOR BAY-43-9006 (Bayer) BioPharma) Pump inhibitors CBT-1 (CBA Pharma) Zosuquidar-Trihydrochloride Tariquidar (Xenova) (Eli Lilly) MS-209 (Schering AG) Biricodar-Dicitrate (Vertex) Histoneacetyltransferase Tacedinaline (Pfizer) Pivaloyloxymethylbutyrate inhibitors SAHA (Aton Pharma) (Titan) MS-275 (Schering AG) Depsipeptide (Fujisawa) Metalloproteinase Neovastat (Aeterna CMT -3 (CollaGenex) inhibitors/ Laboratories) BMS-275291 (Celltech) Ribonucleosidereduktase Marimastat (British Biotech) Tezacitabine (Aventis) inhibitors Galliummaltolate (Titan) Didox (Molecules for Health) Triapine (Vion) TNF-alpha agonists/ Virulizine (Lorus Revimide (Celgene) antagonists Therapeutics) CDC-394 (Celgene) Endotheline-A Atrasentane (Abbot) YM-598 (Yamanouchi) receptor antagonists ZD-4054 (AstraZeneca) Retinoic acid Fenretinide (Johnson & Alitretinoin (Ligand) receptor agonists Johnson) LGD-1550 (Ligand) Immunomodulators Interferon Dexosome therapy (Anosys) Oncophage (Antigenics) Pentrix (Australian Cancer GMK (Progenies) Technology) Adenocarzinoma vaccine JSF-154 (Tragen) (Biomira) Cancer vaccine (Intercell) CTP-37 (AVI BioPharma) Noreline (Biostar) JRX-2 (Immuno-Rx) BLP-25 (Biomira) PEP-005 (Peplin Biotech) MGV (Progenics) Synchrovax vaccine (CTL 13-Alethine (Dovetail) Immuno) CLL-Thera (Vasogen) Melanoma vaccine (CTL Immuno) p21-RAS vaccine (GemVax) Hormonal and anti- Estrogens Prednisone hormonal agents Conjugated Estrogens Methylprednisolone Ethinylestradiole Prednisolone Chlorotrianisen Aminoglutethimide Idenestrole Leuprolide Hydroxyprogesteroncaproate Goserelin Medroxyprogesterone Leuporelin Testosterone Cetrorelix Testosteronpropionate Bicalutamide Fluoxymesterone Flutamide Methyltestosterone Octreotide Diethylstilbestrole Nilutamide Megestrole Mitotane Tamoxifen P-04 (Novogen) Toremofine 2-Methoxyoestradiol Dexamethasone (EntreMed) Arzoxifen (Eli Lilly) Photodynamic agents Talaporfine (Light Sciences) Pd-Bacteriopheophorbide Theralux (Theratechnologies) (Yeda) Motexafin Gadolinium Lutetium-Texaphyrine (Pharmacyclics) (Pharmacyclics) Hypericine Tyrosinkinase Imatinib (Novartis) Kahalid F (PharmaMar) inhibitors Leflunomid CEP- 701 (Cephalon) (Sugen/Pharmacia) CEP-751 (Cephalon) ZDI839 (AstraZeneca) MLN518 (Millenium) Erlotinib (Oncogene Science) PKC412 (Novartis) Canertjnib (Pfizer) Phenoxodiol O Squalamin (Genaera) Trastuzumab (Genentech) SU5416 (Pharmacia) C225 (ImClone) SU6668 (Pharmacia) rhu-Mab (Genentech) ZD4190 (AstraZeneca) MDX-H210 (Medarex) ZD6474 (AstraZeneca) 2C4 (Genentech) Vatalanib (Novartis) MDX-447 (Medarex) PKI166 (Novartis) ABX-EGF (Abgenix) GW2016 (GlaxoSmithKline) IMC-1C11 (ImClone) EKB-509 (Wyeth) EKB-569 (Wyeth) Different agents SR-27897 (CCK-A inhibitor, BCX-1777 (PNP inhibitor, Sanofi-Synthelabo) BioCryst) Tocladesine (cyclic-AMP Ranpirnase (Ribonuclease agonist, Ribapharm) stimulans, Alfacell) Alvocidib (CDK inhibitor, Galarubicin (RNA synthesis Aventis) inhibitor, Dong-A) CV-247 (COX-2 Inhibitor, Ivy Tirapazamin (reducing agent, Medical) SRI International) P54 (COX-2 inhibitor, N-Acetylcystein (reducing Phytopharm) agent, Zambon) CapCell ™ (CYP450 R-Flurbiprofen (NF-kappaB stimulans, Bavarian Nordic) inhibitor, Encore) GCS-IOO (gal3 antagonist, 3CPA (NF-kappaB inhibitor, GlycoGenesys) Active Biotech) G17DT immunogen (Gastrin Seocalcitol (Vitamin-D inhibitor, Aphton) receptor agonist, Leo) Efaproxiral (Oxygenator, 131-I-TM-601 (DNA Allos Therapeutics) antagonist, TransMolecular) PI-88 (Heparanase inhibitor, Eflornithin (ODC inhibitor, Progen) ILEX Oncology) Tesmilifen (Histamine Minodronic acid (Osteoclasts antagonist, YM BioSciences) inhibitor, Yamanouchi) Histamine (Histamine-H2 Indisulam (p53 stimulans, receptor agonist, Maxim) Eisai) Tiazofurin (IMPDH inhibitor, Aplidin (PPT inhibitor, Ribapharm) PharmaMar) Cilengitide (Integrine Rituximab (CD20 antibody, antagonist, Merck KGaA) Genentech) SR-31747 (IL-1 antagonist, Gemtuzumab (CD33 Sanofi-Synthelabo) antibody, Wyeth Ayerst) CCI-779 (mTOR kinase PG2 (Hematopoesis inhibitor, Wyeth) enhancer, Pharmagenesis) Exisulind (PDE-V inhibitor, Immunol ™ (Triclosan oral Cell Pathways) irrigation, Endo) CP-461 (PDE-V inhibitor, Cell Triacetyluridine (Uridine Pathways) prodrug, Wellstat) AG-2037 (GART inhibitor, SN-4071 (sarcoma agent, Pfizer) Signature BioScience) WX-UK1 (Plasminogen TransMID-107 ™ activator inhibitor, Wilex) (Immunotoxine, KS PBI-1402 (PMN stimulans, Biomedix) ProMetic LifeSciences) PCK-3145 (Apoptosis Bortezomib (Proteasome enhancer, Procyon) inhibitor, Millennium) Doranidazole (Apoptosis SRL-172 (T-cell stimulans, enhancer, Pola) SR Pharma) CHS-828 (cytotoxic agent, TLK-286 (Glutathione-S- Leo) transferase inhibitor, Telik) trans-Retinoic acid PT-100 (Growth factor (Differentiator, NIH) agonist, Point Therapeutics) MX6 (Apoptosis enhancer, Midostaurin (PKC inhibitor, MAXIA) Novartis) Apomin (Apoptosis enhancer, Bryostatin-1 (PKC stimulans, ILEX Oncology) GPC Biotech) Urocidine (Apoptosis CDA-II (Apoptosis enhancer, enhancer, Bioniche) Everlife) Ro-31-7453 (Apoptosis SDX-101 (Apoptosis enhancer, La Roche) enhancer, Salmedix) Brostallicin (Apoptosis Ceflatonin (Apoptosis enhancer, Pharmacia) enhancer, ChemGenex)

In a preferred embodiment, a compound of the invention is administered in combination with one or more known anti-tumor agents, such as the following: estrogen receptor modulators, androgen receptor modulators, retinoid receptor modulators, cytotoxics, antiproliferative agents, prenyl proteintransferase inhibitors, HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors.

The compounds of the invention are in particular well suited for administration in combination with radiotherapy. The synergistic effects of VEGF inhibition in combination with radiotherapy are known to the skilled artisan (WO 00/61186).

The term “estrogen receptor modulators” in the course of the present invention refers to compounds that interfere with or inhibit the binding of estrogen to estrogen receptor—independently from the mode of action. Non-limiting examples of estrogen receptor modulators are tamoxifen, raloxifen, idoxifen, LY353381, LY 117081, toremifen, fulvestrant, 4-[7-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-oxopropoxy-4-methyl-2-[4-[2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl]phenyl-2,2-dimethyl-propanoate, 4,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenon-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone and SH646.

The term “androgen receptor modulators” in the course of the present invention refers to compounds that interfere with or inhibit the binding of androgens to androgen receptor—independently from the mode of action. Non-limiting examples of androgen receptor modulators are finasteride and other 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, nilutamide, flutamide, bicalutamide, liarozole and abirateron acetate.

The term “retinoid receptor modulators” in the course of the present invention refers to compounds that interfere with or inhibit the binding of retinoids to retinoid receptor—independently from the mode of action. Non-limiting examples of retinoid receptor modulators are bexaroten, tretinoin, 13-cis-retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, alpha-difluoromethylornithine, ILX23-7553, trans-N-(4′-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide and N-4-carboxyphenylretinamide.

The term “cytotoxics” in the course of the present invention refers to compounds that primarily trigger cell death through direct action on cell function(s) or which interfere with or inhibit cell myosis, such as alkylating agents, tumor necrosis factors, intercalating agents, microtubule inhibitors and topoisomerase inhibitors. Non-limiting examples of cytotoxics are tirapazimin, sertenef, cachectine, ifosfamide, tasonermine, lonidamine, carboplatin, altretamine, prednimustine, dibromodulcit, ranimustine, fotemustine, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, temozolomide, heptaplatin, estramustin, improsulfan-tosylate, trofosfamide, nimustine, dibrospidium-chloride, pumitepa, lobaplatin, satraplatin, profiromycin, cisplatin, irofulven, dexifosfamide, cis-amindichloro(2-methylpyridine)platin, benzylguanine, glufosfamide, GPX100, (trans,trans,trans)-bis-mu-(hexane-1,6-diamine)-mu-[diamine-platin(II)]bis-[diamine(chloro)platin(II)]-tetrachloride, diarizidinylspermine, arsenium trioxide, 1-(11-Dodecylamino-10-hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine, zorubicin, idarubicin, daunorubicin, bisantren, mitoxantron, pirarubicin, pinafide, valrubicine, amrubicine, antineoplaston, 3′-desamino-3′-morpholino-13-desoxo-10-hydroxycaminomycin, annamycin, galarubicin, elinafide, MEN10755 and 4-desmethoxy-3-desamino-3-aziridinyl-4-methylsulfonyl-daunorubicin (WO 00/50032).

Non-limiting examples of microtubule inhibitors are paclitaxel, vindesine-sulfate, 3′,4′-dideshydro-4′-desoxy-8′-norvincaleukoblastine, docetaxol, rhizoxine, dolastatine, mivobuline-isethionate, auristatine, cemadotine, RPR109881, BMS184476, vinflunine, cryptophycine, 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-N-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-benzenesulfonamide, anhydrovinblastine, N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline-t-butylamide, TDX258 and BMS188797.

Non-limiting examples of topoisomerase inhibitors are topotecane, hycaptamine, irinotecane, rubitecane, 6-ethoxypropionyl-3′,4′-O-exo-benzylidene-chartreusine, 9-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-5-nitropyrazolo[3,4,5-kl]acridine-2-(6H)propanamine, 1-amino-9-ethyl-5-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-9-hydroxy-4-methyl-1H,12H-benzo-[de]-pyrano-[3′,4′:b,7]indolizino[1,2b]quiinoline-10,13(9H,15H)-dione, lurtotecane, 7-[2-(N-isopropylamino)ethyl]-(20S)camptothecine, BNP1350, BNPI1100, BN80915, BN80942, etoposide-phosphate, teniposide, sobuzoxane, 2′-dimethylamino-2′-desoxy-etoposide, GL331, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-1-carboxamide, asulacrine, (5a,5aB,8aa,9b)-9-[2-[N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N-methylamino]ethyl]-5-[4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-5,5a,6,8,8a,9-hexohydrofuro(3′,′:6,7)naphtho(2,3-d)-1,3-dioxol-6-one, 2,3-(methylendioxy)-5-methyl-7-hydroxy-8-methoxybenzo[c]phenanthridinium, 6,9-bis[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-benzo[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione, 5-(3-aminopropylamino)-7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-6H-pyrazolo[4,5,1-de]-acridine-6-one, N-[1-[2(diethylamino)ethylamino]-7-methoxy-9-oxo-9H-thioxane-then-4-ylmethyl]formamide, N-(2-(dimethyl-amino)-ethyl)acridine-4-carboxamide, 6-[[2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-7H-indeno[2,1-c]quinolin-7-one and dimesna.

Non-limiting examples of antiproliferative agents are antisense RNA- and antisense-DNA oligonucleotides, such as G3139, ODN698, RVASKRAS, GEM231 and INX3001, as well as antimetabolites such as enocitabine, carmofur, tegafur, pentostatine, doxifluridine, trimetrexate, fludarabine, capecitabine, galocitabine, cytarabin-ocfosfate, fosteabine sodiumhydrate, raltitrexed, paltitrexide, emitefur, tiazofurine, decitabine, nolatrexed, pemetrexed, nelzarabine, 2′-desoxy-2′-methylidencytidine, 2′-fluoromethylen-2′-desoxycytidine, N-[5-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl)sulfonyl]-N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, N6-[4-desoxy-4-[N2-[2(E),4(E)-tetradecadienoyl]glycylamino]-glycero-B-L-manno-heptopyranosyl]adenine, aplidine, ecteinascidine, troxacitabine, 4-[2-amino-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrimidino[5,4-b][1,4]thiazine-6-yl-(S)-ethyl]-2,5-thienoyl-L-glutaminic acid, aminopterine, 5-fluorouracil, alanosine, 11-acetyl-8-(carbamoyloxymethyl)-4-formyl-6-methoxy-14-oxa-1,11-diaza-tetracyclo-(7.4.1.0.0)-tetradeca-2,4,6-trien-9-ylacetic acid ester, swainsonine, lometrexole, dexrazoxane, methioninase, 2′-cyan-2′-desoxy-N4-palmitoyl-1-B-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone.

“Antiproliferative agents” also comprises monoclonal antibodies against growth factors that have not been listed under “angiogenesis inhibitors”, such as trastuzumab, as well as tumor suppressor genes, such as p53.

In another aspect of the invention, a medicament according to above aspects and embodiments is provided, wherein in such medicament comprises at least one additional pharmacologically active substance (drug, ingredient).

In a preferred embodiment the at least one pharmacologically active substance is a substance as described herein.

In another aspect of the invention, a medicament according to above aspects and embodiments is provided, wherein the medicament is applied before and/or during and/or after treatment with at least one additional pharmacologically active substance.

In a preferred embodiment the at least one pharmacologically active substance is a substance as described herein.

In another aspect of the invention, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention is provided.

In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition contains at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of physiologically acceptable excipients, auxiliaries, adjuvants, diluents, carriers and/or additional pharmaceutically active substance other than the compounds of the invention.

In another aspect of the invention, a pharmaceutical composition is disclosed which comprises at least one compound of the invention, at least one pharmacologically active substance other than the compounds of the invention as described herein; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

A further embodiment of the present invention is a process for the manufacture of said pharmaceutical compositions, characterized in that one or more compounds according to the invention and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of solid, liquid or semiliquid excipients, auxiliaries, adjuvants, diluents, carriers and pharmaceutically active agents other than the compounds according to the invention, are converted in a suitable dosage form.

In another aspect of the invention, a kit is provided comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention and/or at least one pharmaceutical composition as described herein and a therapeutically effective amount of at least one further pharmacologically active substance other than the compounds of the invention.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered by any means that achieve their intended purpose. For example, administration may be by oral, parenteral, topical, enteral, intravenous, intramuscular, inhalant, nasal, intraarticular, intraspinal, transtracheal, transocular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, transdermal, or buccal routes. Alternatively, or concurrently, administration may be by the oral route. The dosage administered will be dependent upon the age, health, and weight of the recipient, kind of concurrent treatment, if any, frequency of treatment, and the nature of the effect desired. Parenteral administration is preferred. Oral administration is especially preferred.

Suitable dosage forms include, but are not limited to capsules, tablets, pellets, dragees, semi-solids, powders, granules, suppositories, ointments, creams, lotions, inhalants, injections, cataplasms, gels, tapes, eye drops, solution, syrups, aerosols, suspension, emulsion, which can be produced according to methods known in the art, for example as described below:

tablets: mixing of active ingredient/s and auxiliaries, compression of said mixture into tablets (direct compression), optionally granulation of part of mixture before compression.

capsules: mixing of active ingredient/s and auxiliaries to obtain a flowable powder, optionally granulating powder, filling powders/granulate into opened capsules, capping of capsules.

semi-solids (ointments, gels, creams): dissolving/dispersing active ingredient/s in an aqueous or fatty carrier; subsequent mixing of aqueous/fatty phase with complementary fatty/aqueous phase, homogenization (creams only).

suppositories (rectal and vaginal): dissolving/dispersing active ingredient/s in carrier material liquified by heat (rectal: carrier material normally a wax; vaginal: carrier normally a heated solution of a gelling agent), casting said mixture into suppository forms, annealing and withdrawal suppositories from the forms.

aerosols: dispersing/dissolving active agent/s in a propellant, bottling said mixture into an atomizer.

In general, non-chemical routes for the production of pharmaceutical compositions and/or pharmaceutical preparations comprise processing steps on suitable mechanical means known in the art that transfer one or more compounds of the invention into a dosage form suitable for administration to a patient in need of such a treatment. Usually, the transfer of one or more compounds of the invention into such a dosage form comprises the addition of one or more compounds, selected from the group consisting of carriers, excipients, auxiliaries and pharmaceutical active ingredients other than the compounds of the invention. Suitable processing steps include, but are not limited to combining, milling, mixing, granulating, dissolving, dispersing, homogenizing, casting and/or compressing the respective active and non-active ingredients. Mechanical means for performing said processing steps are known in the art, for example from Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition. In this respect, active ingredients are preferably at least one compound of the invention and one or more additional compounds other than the compounds of the invention, which show valuable pharmaceutical properties, preferably those pharmaceutical active agents other than the compounds of the invention, which are disclosed herein.

Particularly suitable for oral use are tablets, pills, coated tablets, capsules, powders, granules, syrups, juices or drops, suitable for rectal use are suppositories, suitable for parenteral use are solutions, preferably oil-based or aqueous solutions, furthermore suspensions, emulsions or implants, and suitable for topical use are ointments, creams or powders. The compounds of the invention may also be lyophilised and the resultant lyophilisates used, for example, for the preparation of injection preparations. The preparations indicated may be sterilised and/or comprise assistants, such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilisers and/or wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for modifying the osmotic pressure, buffer substances, dyes, flavours and/or a plurality of further active ingredients, for example one or more vitamins.

Suitable excipients are organic or inorganic substances, which are suitable for enteral (for example oral), parenteral or topical administration and do not react with the compounds of the invention, for example water, vegetable oils, benzyl alcohols, alkylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, glycerol triacetate, gelatine, carbohydrates, such as lactose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol or starch (maize starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch), cellulose preparations and/or calcium phosphates, for example tricalcium phosphate or calcium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium stearate, talc, gelatine, tragacanth, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and/or vaseline.

If desired, disintegrating agents may be added such as the above-mentioned starches and also carboxymethyl-starch, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, agar, or alginic acid or a salt thereof, such as sodium alginate. Auxiliaries include, without limitation, flow-regulating agents and lubricants, for example, silica, talc, stearic acid or salts thereof, such as magnesium stearate or calcium stearate, and/or polyethylene glycol. Dragee cores are provided with suitable coatings, which, if desired, are resistant to gastric juices. For this purpose, concentrated saccharide solutions may be used, which may optionally contain gum arabic, talc, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol and/or titanium dioxide, lacquer solutions and suitable organic solvents or solvent mixtures. In order to produce coatings resistant to gastric juices or to provide a dosage form affording the advantage of prolonged action, the tablet, dragee or pill can comprise an inner dosage and an outer dosage component me latter being in the form of an envelope over the former. The two components can be separated by an enteric layer, which serves to resist disintegration in the stomach and permits the inner component to pass intact into the duodenum or to be delayed in release. A variety of materials can be used for such enteric layers or coatings, such materials including a number of polymeric acids and mixtures of polymeric acids with such materials as shellac, acetyl alcohol, solutions of suitable cellulose preparations such as acetyl-cellulose phthalate, cellulose acetate or hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose phthalate, are used. Dye stuffs or pigments may be added to the tablets or dragee coatings, for example, for identification or in order to characterize combinations of active compound doses.

Suitable carrier substances are organic or inorganic substances which are suitable for enteral (e.g. oral) or parenteral administration or topical application and do not react with the novel compounds, for example water, vegetable oils, benzyl alcohols, polyethylene glycols, gelatin, carbohydrates such as lactose or starch, magnesium stearate, talc and petroleum jelly. In particular, tablets, coated tablets, capsules, syrups, suspensions, drops or suppositories are used for enteral administration, solutions, preferably oily or aqueous solutions, furthermore suspensions, emulsions or implants, are used for parenteral administration, and ointments, creams or powders are used for topical application. The compounds of the invention can also be lyophilized and the lyophilizates obtained can be used, for example, for the production of injection preparations.

The preparations indicated can be sterilized and/or can contain excipients such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers and/or wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for affecting the osmotic pressure, buffer substances, colorants, flavourings and/or aromatizers. They can, if desired, also contain one or more further active compounds, e.g. one or more vitamins.

Other pharmaceutical preparations, which can be used orally include push-fit capsules made of gelatine, as well as soft, sealed capsules made of gelatine and a plasticizer such as glycerol or sorbitol. The push-fit capsules can contain the active compounds in the form of granules, which may be mixed with fillers such as lactose, binders such as starches, and/or lubricants such as talc or magnesium stearate and, optionally, stabilizers. In soft capsules, the active compounds are preferably dissolved or suspended in suitable liquids, such as fatty oils, or liquid paraffin. In addition, stabilizers may be added.

The liquid forms in which the novel compositions of the present invention may be incorporated for administration orally include aqueous solutions, suitably flavoured syrups, aqueous or oil suspensions, and flavoured emulsions with edible oils such as cottonseed oil, sesame oil, coconut oil or peanut oil, as well as elixirs and similar pharmaceutical vehicles. Suitable dispersing or suspending agents for aqueous suspensions include synthetic and natural gums such as tragacanth, acacia, alginate, dextran, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone or gelatine.

Suitable formulations for parenteral administration include aqueous solutions of the active compounds in water-soluble form, for example, water-soluble salts and alkaline solutions. In addition, suspensions of the active compounds as appropriate oily injection suspensions may be administered. Suitable lipophilic solvents or vehicles include fatty oils, for example, sesame oil, or synthetic fatty acid esters, for example, ethyl oleate or triglycerides or polyethylene glycol-400 (the compounds are soluble in PEG-400).

Aqueous injection suspensions may contain substances, which increase the viscosity of the suspension, including, for example, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sorbitol, and/or dextran, optionally, the suspension may also contain stabilizers.

For administration as an inhalation spray, it is possible to use sprays in which the active ingredient is either dissolved or suspended in a propellant gas or propellant gas mixture (for example CO₂ or chlorofluorocarbons). The active ingredient is advantageously used here in micronized form, in which case one or more additional physiologically acceptable solvents may be present, for example ethanol. Inhalation solutions can be administered with the aid of conventional inhalers.

Possible pharmaceutical preparations, which can be used rectally include, for example, suppositories, which consist of a combination of one or more of the active compounds with a suppository base. Suitable suppository bases are, for example, natural or synthetic triglycerides, or paraffin hydrocarbons. In addition, it is also possible to use gelatine rectal capsules, which consist of a combination of the active compounds with a base. Possible base materials include, for example, liquid triglycerides, polyethylene glycols, or paraffin hydrocarbons.

For use in medicine, the compounds of the present invention will be in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Other salts may, however, be useful in the preparation of the compounds of the invention or of their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention include acid addition salts which may, for example be formed by mixing a solution of the compound according to the invention with a solution of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, methanesulphonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, carbonic acid or phosphoric acid. Furthermore, where the compounds of the invention carry an acidic moiety, suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may include alkali metal salts, e.g. sodium or potassium salts; alkaline earth metal salts, e.g. calcium or magnesium salts; and salts formed with suitable organic bases, e.g. quaternary ammonium salts.

The pharmaceutical preparations can be employed as medicaments in human and veterinary medicine. As used herein, the term “effective amount” means that amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought, for instance, by a researcher or clinician. Furthermore, the term “therapeutically effective amount” means any amount which, as compared to a corresponding subject who has not received such amount, results in improved treatment, healing, prevention, or amelioration of a disease, disorder, or side effect, or a decrease in the rate of advancement of a disease or disorder. The term also includes within its scope amounts effective to enhance normal physiological function. Said therapeutic effective amount of one or more of the compounds of the invention is known to the skilled artisan or can be easily determined by standard methods known in the art.

The compounds of the invention and the additional active substances are generally administered analogously to commercial preparations. Usually, suitable doses that are therapeutically effective lie in the range between 0.0005 mg and 1000 mg, preferably between 0.005 mg and 500 mg and especially between 0.5 mg and 100 mg per dose unit. The daily dose is preferably between about 0.001 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of body weight.

Those of skill will readily appreciate that dose levels can vary as a function of the specific compound, the severity of the symptoms and the susceptibility of the subject to side effects. Some of the specific compounds are more potent than others. Preferred dosages for a given compound are readily determinable by those of skill in the art by a variety of means. A preferred means is to measure the physiological potency of a given compound.

For the purpose of the present invention, all mammalian species are regarded as being comprised. In a preferred embodiment, such mammals are selected from the group consisting of “primate, human, rodent, equine, bovine, canine, feline, domestic animals, cattle, livestock, pets, cow, sheep, pig, goat, horse, pony, donkey, hinny, mule, hare, rabbit, cat, dog, guinea pig, hamster, rat, mouse”. More preferably, such mammals are humans. Animal models are of interest for experimental investigations, providing a model for treatment of human diseases.

The specific dose for the individual patient depends, however, on the multitude of factors, for example on the efficacy of the specific compounds employed, on the age, body weight, general state of health, the sex, the kind of diet, on the time and route of administration, on the excretion rate, the kind of administration and the dosage form to be administered, the pharmaceutical combination and severity of the particular disorder to which the therapy relates. The specific therapeutic effective dose for the individual patient can readily be determined by routine experimentation, for example by the doctor or physician, which advises or attends the therapeutic treatment.

In the case of many disorders, the susceptibility of a particular cell to treatment with the subject compounds may be determined by in vitro testing. Typically a culture of the cell is combined with a subject compound at varying concentrations for a period of time sufficient to allow the active agents to show a relevant reaction, usually between about one hour and one week. For in vitro testing, cultured cells from a biopsy sample may be used.

Even without further details, it is assumed that a person skilled in the art will be able to utilise the above description in the broadest scope. The preferred embodiments should therefore merely be regarded as descriptive disclosure, which is absolutely not limiting in any way.

Above and below, all temperatures are indicated in ° C. In the following examples, “conventional work-up” means that, if necessary, the solvent is removed, water is added if necessary, the pH is adjusted, if necessary, to between 2 and 10, depending on the constitution of the end product, the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate or dichloromethane, the phases are separated, the organic phase is washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution, if desired with water and saturated NaCl solution, is dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated, and the product is purified by chromatography on silica gel, by preparative HPLC and/or by crystallisation. The purified compounds are, if desired, freeze-dried.

Mass spectrometry (MS): ESI (electrospray ionisation) (M+H)⁺

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AcOH acetic acid, atm anhydrous, atm atmosphere(s), BOC tert-butoxycarbonyl CDI 1,1′-carbonyl diimidazole, conc concentrated, d day(s), dec decomposition, DMAC N,N-dimethylacetamide, DMPU 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(IH)-pyrimidinone, DMF N,N-dimethylformamide, DMSO dimethylsulfoxide, DPPA diphenylphosphoryl azide, EDCI 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, EtOAc ethyl acetate, EtOH ethanol (100%), Et₂O diethyl ether, Et₃N triethylamine, h hour(s), MeOH methanol, pet. ether petroleum ether (boiling range 30-60° C.), temp. temperature, THF tetrahydrofuran, TFA trifluoroAcOH, Tf trifluoromethanesulfonyl.

The contents of all cited references are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. The invention is explained in more detail by means of the following examples without, however, being restricted thereto.

EXAMPLES I. Synthesis of Selected Compounds of the Invention

The following compounds were synthesized and characterized. However, it lies in the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to prepare and characterize these compounds differently.

Example 1 Synthesis of 4-[1-(1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1-carbonic-acid-3,5-dichloro-benzylester 8

-   a. N-Boc-piperazin 1 (50.0 g, 268 mmol) and precursor 2 (70.0 g, 300     mmol) were given to MeOH (700 mL), sodium-acetoxaboronhydride (70.0     g, 330 mmol) was added at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The     main part of MeOH was removed in vacuo via a rotating evaporator.     The residue was taken up in ethylacetate (400 mL) and washed with     water (300 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethylacetate     (200 mL), and the organic phases were pooled and dried with sodium     sulphate. After filtration, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo     until dryness and could be directly used without further processing     (colourless oil 3, 101 g, 255 mmol, 95%). -   b. Intermediate 3 (101 g, 255 mmol) was given to THF (1 L), Pd/C-5%     (22.0 g, 52.3% water) was added. It was stirred under hydrogen     atmosphere and standard pressure for 16 h. Ca. 6 L hydrogen were     used up. The reaction mixture was filtrated and concentrated in     vacuo until dryness. The yellowish-oily product 4 crystallized     slowly and was used without further processing (58.9 g, 219 mmol,     86%). -   c. 1H-benzotriazole-5-carbonic-acid 5 (5.00 g, 18.6 mmol) and     intermediate 4 (3.00 g, 18.4 mmol) were added to DMF (30 mL),     N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (3.60     g, 18.8 mmol) and 4-methylmorpholine (2.60 mL, 23.6 mmol) were added     at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The reaction mixture was     concentrated in vacuo until dryness and directly purified via column     chromatography (gradient with ethylacetate/methanol). A colourless     solid was yielded (6, 3.40 g, 8.20 mmol, 44%). -   d. Intermediate 6 (3.40 g, 8.20 mmol) was taken up in 2-propanol (10     mL), 6N HCl in 2-Propanol (25 mL) were added and stirring was     continued for 5 h at RT. The reaction mixture was concentrated in     vacuo until dryness and the residue was comminuted with diethyl     ether. The precipitate was filtrated, washed with diethyl ether and     dried. Colourless solid 7 as dihydrochloride was yielded (3.15 g,     8.13 mmol, 99%). -   e. 3,5-dichlorobenzylalcohol (75.4 mg, 0.42 mmol) was dissolved in     DMF (3 mL), 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (68.1 mg, 0.42 mmol) was added,     and stirring was continued for 2 h at RT. To this mixture     intermediate 7 (148 mg, 0.42 mmol) was added at RT. Stirring was     continued for 18 h at RT. The reaction mixture was poured onto water     (20 mL) and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The pooled organic     phases were dried with sodium sulphate, filtrated and concentrated     in vacuo until dryness. The residue was purified via column     chromatography (gradient with ethyl acetate/methanol). The resulting     colourless solid is product 8 (142 mg, 0.27 mmol, 65%).

Analogous to above description, the following amines were used instead of intermediate 4:

Analogously, intermediate 5 was replaced by the following acids:

Example 2 Synthesis of 6-(4-{4-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H-benzooxazol-2-one 14

-   f. 3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionic acid 9 (4.70 g, 21.5 mmol)     was taken up in thionylchloride (16 mL, 220 mmol) and boiled for 2 h     under reflux. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo until     dryness and was directly used without further purification. A     reddish-brown oil was yielded (10, 4.87 g, 20.6 mmol, 96%). -   g. Intermediate 4 (515 mg, 1.91 mmol) was given to DMF (5 mL),     triethylamine (0.80 mL, 5.74 mmol) was added at RT. Subsequently, at     the same temperature the acid chloride 10 (905 mg, 3.83 mmol),     dissolved in DMF (1 mL) was added dropwise. It was stirred for 15 h     at RT. The reaction mixture was poured onto water and extracted     twice with ethyl acetate. The pooled organic phases were dried over     sodium sulphate, filtrated and concentrated in vacuo until dryness.     A colourless solid was yielded (11, 792 mg, 1.69 mmol, 88%), which     was used without further purification. -   h. Intermediate 11 (0.75 g, 1.60 mmol) was taken up in 6N HCl in     2-propanol (10 mL) and stirring was continued for 1 h at RT. The     reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo until dryness and the     residue was comminuted with diethyl ether. The precipitate was     filtrated, washed with diethyl ether and dried. A colourless solid     12 was yielded as dihydrochloride (545 mg, 1.26 mmol, 79%). -   i. 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazole-6-carbonic-acid 13 (38.6 mg, 0.22     mmol), intermediate 12 (95.5 mg, 0.22 mmol) and 4-methylmorpholine     (0.72 mL, 0.66 mmol) were given to DMF (3 mL).     N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (41.4     mg, 0.22 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazolehydrate (29.2 mg, 0.2 mmol)     were added at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The reaction     mixture was poured onto water and extracted twice with ethyl     acetate. The pooled organic phases were dried over sodium sulphate,     filtrated and concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The oily residue     was comminuted with diethyl ether, and the emerging solid was     filtered off. A colourless solid (14, 50.4 mg, 0.09 mmol, 44%) in     high purity was yielded.

Analogous to above description, the following amines were used instead of intermediate 4:

Analogously, intermediate 13 was replaced by the following acids:

Example 3 Synthesis of 4-[4-(1H-benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carbonic-acid-4-chloro-benzylester 19

-   j. 5-amino-1H-benzotriazole 15 (2.15 g, 16.0 mmol) and commercially     available     1-[1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidincarbonic-acid     16 (5.00 g, 16.0 mmol) were given to DMF (30 mL).     N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (3.07     g, 16.0 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazolehydrate (2.16 g, 16.0 mmol)     were added at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The reaction     mixture was poured onto water and extracted twice with ethyl     acetate. The pooled organic phases were dried over sodium sulphate,     filtrated and concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue was     recrystallized in a bit methanol/diethyl ether and dried. A     colourless solid was yielded (17, 5.20 g, 12.1 mmol, 76%). -   k. Analogously to h. above, intermediate 17 (5.00 g, 11.7 mmol) in     6N HCl was reacted in 2-propanol (50 mL) (1 h at RT). The reaction     mixture was concentrated in vacuo until dryness and the residue was     recrystallized from methanol/diethyl ether and dried. A colourless     solid 18 was yielded as hydrochloride (2.79 g, 7.65 mmol, 65%). -   l. Analogously to e. above, 4-chlorobenzylalcohol (86.8 mg, 0.61     mmol), 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (98.8 mg, 0.61 mmol) and     intermediate 18 (222 mg, 0.61 mmol) were reacted at RT in DMF (3     mL). Stirring was continued for 18 h at RT. The reaction mixture was     poured onto water and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The pooled     organic phases were dried over sodium sulphate, filtrated and     concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue was purified via     column chromatography (gradient with ethyl acetate/methanol). The     resulting colourless solid is product 19 (157 mg, 0.32 mmol, 52%).

Analogously, the following educts were used instead of educt 15:

Analogously to 16, the following commercially available compounds were used:

Example 4 Synthesis of 4-[5-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-piperazin-1-carbonic-acid-4-chloro-benzylester 24

-   m. Analogously to e. 4-chlorobenzylalcohol (508 mg, 2.86 mmol),     1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (464 mg, 2.86 mmol) and intermediate 20     (1.00 g, 2.86 mmol) were reacted at RT in DMF (5 mL). Stirring was     continued for 18 h bei RT The reaction mixture was poured onto water     and the emerging precipitate was filtrated and washed with water.     The resulting colourless solid in high purity is intermediate 22     (986 mg, 2.44 mmol, 85%). -   n. Intermediate 22 was taken up in 20 ml ethanol and a solution of     LiOH (117 mg, 4.88 mmol) in 2 mL water was added dropwise at RT.     Stirring was continued over night at RT. The reaction mixture was     concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue was taken up in     water, adjusted to pH 5 with 2N HCl, the precipitating product     filtrated and dried. Intermediate 23 was yielded as colourless solid     (812 mg, 2.16 mmol, 88%). -   o. 6-amino-3H-benzooxazol-2-one (59.9 mg, 0.40 mmol) and     intermediate 23 (150 mg, 0.40 mmol) were given to DMF (5 mL).     N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (76.5     g, 0.40 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (53.9 mg, 0.40 mmol) were     added at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The reaction mixture was     poured onto water and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The pooled     organic phases were dried over sodium sulphate, filtrated and     concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue was recrystallized     from ethyl acetate/diethyl ether and dried. A colourless solid was     yielded as product (24, 189 mg, 0.37 mmol, 93%).

Example 5 Synthesis of 4-[3-(1H-benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-piperazin-1-carbosäure-4-chloro-benzylester 27

-   p. Analogously to e. 4-chlorobenzylalcohol (200 mg, 1.40 mmol),     1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (250 mg, 1.54 mmol) and intermediate 25     (289 mg, 1.40 mmol) were reacted at RT in dichloromethan (5 mL).     Stirring was continued for 3 d at 50° C. in a pressure piston. The     reaction mixture was washed three times with water. The organic     phase was dried over sodium sulphate, filtrated and concentrated in     vacuo until dryness. The resulting yellowish oil is intermediate 26     (520 mg, 0.93 mmol, 66%), which was used without further     purification. -   q. 5-amino-1H-benzotriazole 15 (40.0 mg, 0.30 mmol), intermediate 26     (230 mg, 0.41 mmol) and N-methylmorpholine (0.10 mL, 0.91 mmol) were     given to DMF (3 mL). N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide     hydrochlorid (80.0 g, 0.42 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (60.0     mg, 0.44 mmol) were added at RT. It was stirred for 15 h at RT. The     reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and directly purified via     column chromatography (gradient with ethyl acetate/methanol). The     residue was taken up in a 0.1 M HCl solution in isopropanol and     concentrated in vacuo until dryness. A colourless solid was yielded     as hydrochloride (27, 108 mg, 0.20 mmol, 68%).

Example 6 Synthesis of 4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl-acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

-   r. (3,4-Diamino-phenyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester (5.00 g, 25.7 mmol)     was dissolved in a mixture of acetic acid (20 mL) and water (20 mL)     and cooled to below 5° C. in an ice bath. Sodium nitrite (2.66 g,     36.6 mmol) in 20 mL of water was added dropwise to the mixture, kept     below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at RT. Ethyl     acetate was added and the organic layer was washed with water and     brine, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed to give     5.27 g (25.7 mmol, 100%) of a brownish oil, which was used without     further purification. -   s. Compound 285.27 g (25.7 mmol) was dissolved in water (25 mL) and     EtOH (10 mL) and NaOH (5.00 g, 125 mmol) dissolved in water (75 mL)     was added at RT. The solution was stirred at reflux for 3 h and the     solvent was removed under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in water     and treated with HCl 5-6N in 2-propanol to pH 4. The mixture was     stirred and brownish crystals were collected and identified as     compound 29 (4.20 g, 19.7 mmol, 77%). The compound was used without     further purification. -   In analogy to the general procedures c-e compound 30 was     synthesized.

Example 7 Synthesis of 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-ethanone

-   t. 7 (100 mg, 0.26 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethan (2 mL),     then triethyl amine (0.11 mL, 0.79 mmol) was added at 0° C. followed     by compound 31 (130 mg, 0.50 mmol). It was stirred at RT for 18 h.     The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water 3     times and with brine once. The organic layer was dried over sodium     sulfate, filtered and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure.     The residue was purified by chromatography     (methanol/dichloromethane, gradient) to result in a colorless solid     identified as 32 (70.9 mg, 0.12 mmol, 48%).

Example 8 Synthesis of 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazole-6-sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

-   u. 4 (0.54 g, 2.00 mmol) and triethyl amine (0.28 mL, 2.00 mmol) was     dissolved in dichloromethane (30 mL) and 33 (0.47 g, 2.00 mmol) was     added at RT slowly. It was stirred for additional 16 h at RT. The     mixture was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and the     solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography     (ethyl acetate) to result in a colorless solid identified as 34     (0.29 g, 0.62 mmol, 31%). -   In analogy to the general procedures d-e compound 35 was     synthesized.

Example 9 Synthesis of 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

-   v. Compound 36 (1.20 g, 5.63 mmol) and compound 37 (1.50 g, 6.81     mmol) were dissolved in methanol (100 mL) and sodium     triacetoxyborohydride (1.50 g, 7.07 mmol) was added at RT slowly.     The mixture was stirred for 18 h at RT. The solvent was evaporated     and the residue redissolved in dichloromethane. The organic phase     was washed with saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution. This     aqueous solution was extracted with dichloromethane. The combined     organic layers were dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and     evaporated to dryness. The crude solid compound 38 (1.90 g, 4.55     mmol, 81%) was used without further purification. -   In analogy to the general procedures d, c, b. and e compound 39 was     synthesized.

Example 10 Synthesis of 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6-yl)-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester and 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6-yl)-pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

-   w. 40 (480 mg, 2.13 mmol) and 41 (490 mg, 1.76 mmol) were suspended     in ethanol (3 mL). To this suspension triethyl amine (0.73 mL, 5.28     mmol) were added dropwise at RT. It was stirred additional 6 h at     RT. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with diethyl ether     and dried in vacuo. Compound 42 was obtained as a yellow solid (346     mg, 0.92 mmol), which was used without further purification. -   x. 42 (340 mg, 0.90 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) Pd/C-5%     (52.3% water, 0.40 g) was added and the mixture was stirred under H₂     atmosphere for 18 h. at RT. The catalyst was filtered off and the     solvent was evaporated. 220 mg (0.77 mmol, 85%) of a colorless solid     identified as 43 were obtained, which was used without further     purification. -   In analogy to procedure e the carbamate of compound 43 (70.0 mg,     0.244 mmol) was formed. Besides the expected compound 44 (26 mg,     0.05 mmol, 22%) also compound 45 (26.0 mg, 0.05, 22%) was isolated     by chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol, 1:9).

An overview about further analogously synthesized compounds of the invention including physico-chemical parameters for all compounds of the invention is given in Table 2.

TABLE 2 ESI HPLC HPLC/MS Compound Chemical Name [M + 1]⁺ Rt [min]¹ Rt [min]² 1 3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-[1′-(3′- 566 4.61 2.39 trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-propan-1-one 2 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 498 3.79 1.88 ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro- benzyl ester 3 5-Oxo-1-{1-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl- 530 3.47 1.83 phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1H- benzotriazol-5-yl)-amide 4 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 531 3.87 2.02 ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 533 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 5 4-[5-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 509 3.52 1.87 benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin- 3-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester 6 4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 493 3.44 1.83 ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-3-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester 7 4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 484 3.17 1.77 amino]-pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 8 1H-Benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acid 516 3.23 1.80 (1-{1-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-pyrrolidin-3- yl)-amide 9 4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.47 1.91 amino]-pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 10 4-[3-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 492 4.32 2.14 ylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 11 [1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 509 4.00 2.04 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone 12 1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 516 4.69 2.32 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-carboxylic acid 518 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 13 [1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 509 4.21 2.16 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-3-yl)-methanone 15 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 547 3.81 2.05 benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)- 549 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 16 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro- 514 3.76 1.89 benzooxazol-6-ylcarbamoyl)- pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 17 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-2-yl- 520 3.33 1.90 ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 19 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.23 1.76 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 20 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.41 1.93 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 21 3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-{4-[4-(3′- 567 3.01 1.87 trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- propan-1-one 22 1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 515 3.97 2.21 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-3-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propan-1-one 23 1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 467 3.68 2.10 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-2-(4-chloro- phenyl)-ethanone 24 1-{1-[4-Methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl- 599 3.71 1.98 phenyl)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]- piperidin-4-yl}-5-oxo-pyrrolidine-3- carboxylic acid (1H-benzotriazol-5- yl)-amide 25 4-[4-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 533 3.55 1.83 benzooxazole-6-carbonyl)-piperazin- 535 1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 27 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 458 2.11 1.53 ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl ester 28 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl- 519 3.33 1.75 ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 521 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 29 9-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-3,9- 502 4.51 2.25 diaza-spiro[5.5]undecane-3- 504 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 30 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-3-yl- 519 2.93 1.75 ethylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 521 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 31 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.07 1.71 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 504 carboxylic acid (3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- amide 32 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 516 1.69 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 33 6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- 532 3.49 1.72 propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine- 1-carbonyl)-3H-benzooxazol-2-one 34 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 518 3.23 1.61 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 35 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 586 3.49 1.75 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 36 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.04 1.43 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 37 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 550 3.55 1.76 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 38 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 514 3.07 1.61 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 5-chloro-2-methoxy- benzyl ester 39 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 484 2.88 1.62 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2-chloro-benzyl ester 40 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 464 2.96 1.62 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-methyl-benzyl ester 41 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 484 2.99 1.63 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-benzyl ester 42 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 484 3.04 1.66 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 43 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 492 3.41 1.81 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-isopropyl-benzyl ester 45 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.25 1.75 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,4-dichloro-benzyl ester 46 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.25 1.74 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 2,4-dichloro-benzyl ester 47 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 534 3.36 1.76 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethoxy- benzyl ester 48 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[4- 585 3.76 1.79 methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- thiazole-5-carbonyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidin-1-yl)-methanone 49 6-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- 532 3.15 1.71 propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-piperazine- 1-carbonyl)-3H-benzooxazol-2-one 50 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 516 3.52 1.70 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 51 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.36 1.79 piperidin-4-ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 52 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5- 528 2.91 1.63 trifluoromethyl-1H-benzoimidazole- 2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-methanone 53 4-{4-[2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)- 508 3.33 1.81 ethylcarbamoyl]-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1- 510 yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 54 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl- 557 4.85 2.10 phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 559 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 55 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-pyrazol-1-yl- 556 5.33 2.28 phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 558 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 56 4-{4-[4-(3-Methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro- 586 4.59 2.01 pyrazol-1-yl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-2- 588 oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 57 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl- 574 5.49 2.29 phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]- 576 piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 58 (E)-3-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)-1-(4-{1-[3- 491 2.83 1.58 (4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]- piperidin-4-yl}-piperazin-1-yl)- propenone 59 N-[4-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl- 568 3.31 1.76 phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- piperazine-1-carbonyl)-phenyl]- methanesulfonamide 60 1-(4-{4-[3-(1H-Imidazol-2-yl)- 541 2.91 1.63 benzoyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1- yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 61 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 500 1.64 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 62 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.20 1.72 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 63 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.12 1.66 piperidin-4-ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 64 6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- 516 3.01 1.64 propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine- 1-carbonyl)-3H-benzooxazol-2-one 65 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 518 3.17 1.71 benzooxazole-6-carbonyl)-piperidin- 4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-2-fluoro-benzyl ester 66 1-{3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 500 2.96 1.64 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-ylamino]- pyrrolidin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one 67 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 500 2.91 1.62 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 68 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 518 3.29 1.57 piperidin-4-ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 69 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 515 3.15 1.57 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- 517 yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-propan-1- one 70 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 518 3.23 1.58 pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 71 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 518 3.23 1.63 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 72 2-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 565 3.28 1.65 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-N-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-2-oxo-acetamide 73 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 536 3.41 1.80 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 2-fluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 74 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 536 3.31 1.74 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 2-fluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 75 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 536 3.41 1.76 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 76 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 534 3.41 1.76 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethoxy- benzyl ester 77 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 552 3.57 1.90 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 78 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.23 1.61 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4-fluoro- benzyl ester 79 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 503 3.2 1.63 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,4,5-trifluoro-benzyl ester 80 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 528 3.28 1.69 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-bromo-benzyl ester 81 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 493 2.61 1.44 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-propan-1-one 82 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 515 3.23 1.69 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- 517 yl}-3-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)-propan-1- one 83 (E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 542 3.17 1.64 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propenone 84 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 490 3.36 1.72 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)-propan-1- one 85 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 517 3.33 1.78 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- 519 carboxylic acid 3,4-dichloro-benzyl ester 86 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 550 3.6 1.83 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 87 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 492 3.47 1.81 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-isopropyl-benzyl ester 88 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 526 1.36 1.20 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 89 4-{4-[(S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4- 510 2.83 1.44 yl)-propionyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 90 (E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 513 3.28 1.74 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- 515 yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- propenone 91 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[1-(3,5- 505 3.01 1.56 dichloro-4-fluoro-benzoyl)-piperidin- 507 4-yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-methanone 92 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 552 3.55 1.76 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 93 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 535 3.44 1.76 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- 537 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- benzyl ester 94 4-(3-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 473 2.11 1.36 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-oxo-propyl)-benzonitrile 95 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 552 3.41 1.78 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 96 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 552 3.39 1.77 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 97 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 535 3.31 1.74 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 537 carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- benzyl ester 98 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 621 3.60 1.78 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dibromo-4- methyl-benzyl ester 99 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 570 3.36 1.72 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 100 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 536 3.15 1.63 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-fluoro-3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 101 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 568 3.44 1.77 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 102 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 520 3.04 1.53 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-2-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone 103 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 520 3.01 1.53 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-2-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone 104 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 534 3.28 1.60 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 105 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 534 3.25 1.61 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one 106 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 494 3.09 1.56 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 107 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 489 4.08 2.43 benzooxazol-6-yl)-4,5-dihydro- pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 108 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 487 4.69 benzooxazol-6-yl)-pyrazol-1-yl]- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 109 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 532 3.23 1.62 piperidin-4-ylmethyl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 110 4-{5-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 526 2.05 amino]-pyridin-2-yl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 111 4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5- 526 2.27 ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-2-yl]- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 112 4-[4-(3-Amino-1H-indazole-5- 532 1.653 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine- 1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 113 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 554 3.49 1.712 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2,3-difluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 114 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 589 3.57 1.759 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 115 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 518 3.31 1.651 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 116 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 520 3.31 1.636 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4,5-difluoro- benzyl ester 117 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.23 1.639 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-3-fluoro- benzyl ester 118 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 552 3.52 1.741 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 119 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 532 3.44 1.735 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-methyl-3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 120 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 508 3.09 1.598 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-methoxy-3,5- dimethyl-benzyl ester 121 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 540 2.45 1.409 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,4,5-trimethoxy- benzyl ester 122 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 549 3.17 1.673 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzylamide 123 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 496 2.93 1.539 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propane-1,2- dione 124 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(4′- 564 3.15 1.625 trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- methanone 125 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(3′- 564 3.2 1.653 trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)- piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- methanone 126 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 550 3.33 1.732 benzothiazole-6-carbonyl)-piperidin- 4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 127 4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- 549 3.17 1.627 benzoimidazole-5-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 128 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 534 3.36 1.696 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-trifluoromethoxy- benzyl ester 129 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 518 3.2 1.601 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(3-chloro-4,5-difluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 130 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-  617, 3.6 1.84 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1-  619, yl}-3-(3,5-dibromo-4-methyl-phenyl)- 621 propan-1-one 131 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 551 2.99 1.553 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 1-(4-chloro-phenyl)- 1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethyl ester 132 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 532 3.41 1.733 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 1-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethyl ester 133 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 534 3.28 1.694 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 134 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 504 1.71 1.352 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2-methyl-2H-indazol- 3-ylmethyl ester 135 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 538 3.31 1.66 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid [3,3′]bithiophenyl-5- ylmethyl ester 136 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 494 2.48 1.378 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid benzo[1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl ester 137 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 508 2.51 1.445 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2,3-dihydro- benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-ylmethyl ester 138 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4-[2- 516 3.09 1.529 (4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-acetyl]- piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)- ethanone 139 4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl-acetyl)- 600 3.68 1.853 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 140 4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl-acetyl)- 517 3.23 1.659 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid (3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- amide 141 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4-[2- 584 3.52 1.769 (3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)- ethanone 142 6-(4-{4-[2-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl- 586 3.6 1.812 phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one 143 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 568 3.65 1.751 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 144 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 589 3.6 1.753 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 145 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 568 3.6 1.794 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-3- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 146 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  561, 3.41 1.642 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 563 carboxylic acid 3-bromo-5-chloro- benzyl ester 147 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 478 3.17 1.63 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dimethyl-benzyl ester 148 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  605, 3.41 1.732 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-  607, carboxylic acid 3,5-dibromo-benzyl 609 ester 149 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 496 3.04 1.592 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-methylsulfanyl- benzyl ester 150 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 510 2.77 1.496 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dimethoxy-benzyl ester 151 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 478 3.17 1.66 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-ethyl-benzyl ester 152 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 502 3.09 1.603 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5-fluoro- benzyl ester 153 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 654 4.03 1.978 benzothiazole-6-sulfonyl)-piperidin- 4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 154 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  545, 3.15 1.672 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 547 carboxylic acid 3-bromo-5-fluoro- benzyl ester 155 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  527, 3.07 1.627 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 529 carboxylic acid 4-bromo-benzyl ester 156 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  545, 3.12 1.667 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 547 carboxylic acid 4-bromo-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 157 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  563, 3.12 1.664 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 565 carboxylic acid 4-bromo-2,6-difluoro- benzyl ester 158 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 536 3.31 1.687 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 159 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5-  537, 3.09 1.564 bromo-benzofuran-2-carbonyl)- 539 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}- methanone 160 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 534 3.09 1.645 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)- ethanone 161 4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- 617 3.65 1.821 benzoimidazole-5-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 162 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 586 3.73 1.888 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 163 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 618 3.79 1.851 benzothiazole-6-carbonyl)-piperidin- 4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 164 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 530 3.04 1.533 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propane-1,3-dione 165 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 554 3.41 1.695 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,4-difluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 166 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-  611, 3.63 1.806 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- 613 carboxylic acid 3-bromo-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 167 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 516 3.09 1.549 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4-difluoromethoxy- benzyl ester 168 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 532 3.28 1.649 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4- difluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 169 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 3.73 1.884 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid (R)-1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 170 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 3.73 1.914 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-p- tolyl-1-trifluoromethyl-ethyl ester 171 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 3.68 1.878 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid (S)-1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 172 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 3.63 1.856 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 173 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 530 3.49 1.764 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2-methyl-5-phenyl- furan-3-ylmethyl ester 174 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 581 3.39 1.757 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)- 4-methyl-thiazol-5-ylmethyl ester 175 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 569 2.8 1.512 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-(4-chloro-phenyl)- 2-oxo-oxazolidin-5-ylmethyl ester 176 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 490 2.8 1.604 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-butan-1- one 177 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 530 3.07 1.672 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1- yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- butan-1-one 178 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 612 3.65 1.844 piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-cyclopropyl ester 179 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[2-(4- 494 3.04 1.618 chloro-phenyl)- cyclopropanecarbonyl]-piperazin-1- yl}-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone 180 2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 585 3.12 1.628 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-N-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- acetamide 181 2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5- 513 3.97 1.391 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-N-(5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl)- acetamide 182 4-{[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 532 pyrrolidin-3-yl]-methyl-amino}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 183 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro- 604 3.33 1.882 benzooxazole-6-sulfonyl)-piperidin- 4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 184 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 3.13 2.177 piperidin-4-yl]-3-oxo-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 185 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 464 2.29 1.434 amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid benzyl ester 186 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 600 2.61 1.855 amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 187 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 566 3.65 1.754 amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 188 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 564 1.725 amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 189 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 550 1.725 amino]-cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

In the following ¹H-NMR data for selected compounds of the invention are displayed:

Compound 4, C₂₄H₂₄Cl₂N₆O₄ (C₂₄H₂₂(D₂)Cl₂N₆O₄)

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6, d-TFA exchanged) δ [ppm]=8.35 (d, J=1.3, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J=9.0, 1.7, 2H), 7.34 (s, 2H), 5.04 (s, 2H), 4.11 (d, J=13.0, 2H), 3.98 (dt, J=10.6, 5.9, 1H), 3.59 (t, J=9.2, 1H), 3.48-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.26 (m, 1H), 2.86 (s, 2H), 2.57 (d, J=8.2, 2H), 1.57 (d, J=17.6, 4H).

Compound 5, C₂₅H₂₂ClN₅O₅

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=11.57 (s, 1H), 10.35 (s, 1H), 8.51 (dd, J=21.2, 2.2, 2H), 7.87-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.33 (m, 5H), 7.08 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 5.11 (s, 2H), 3.58 (s, 4H), 3.34-2.99 (m, 4H, overlapped with water signal).

Compound 7, C₂₄H₂₇ClN₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=8.60 (d, J=6.9, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 7.99-7.84 (m, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=9.0, 2H), 7.35 (d, J=9.0, 2H), 5.05 (s, 2H), 4.45-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.07 (s, 1H), 3.88 (d, J=11.9, 2H), 3.01-2.86 (m, 3H), 2.79-2.67 (m, 1H), 2.60-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.24 (t, J=9.6, 1H), 2.20-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.74 (m, 3H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 2H).

Compound 9, C₂₄H₂₆Cl₂N₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=16.53-15.23 (m, 1H), 8.61 (d, J=6.9, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 7.93 (q, J=8.6, 2H), 7.55 (t, J=1.8, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=1.8, 2H), 5.06 (s, 2H), 4.42 (d, J=7.6, 1H), 3.89 (d, J=10.0, 2H), 3.05-2.85 (m, 4H), 2.73 (s, 1H), 2.61-2.52 (d, 1H), 2.27 (s, 1H), 2.20-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.70 (m, 4H), 1.43-1.25 (m, 2H).

Compound 12, C₂₅H₂₇Cl₂N₅O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=8.00-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.56 (t, J=1.9, 1H), 7.45-7.35 (m, 3H), 5.07 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 4.04 (d, J=12.9, 2H), 2.90-2.65 (5H), 1.88-1.50 (m, 5H), 1.46-1.28 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.12 (d, J=26.3, 2H), 1.12-1.03 (m, 2H).

Compound 13, C₃₁H₃₃N₅O₂

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.70 (d, J=7.7, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=7.6, 3H), 7.50 (t, J=7.6, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.30 (dd, J=15.3, 7.7, 3H), 4.54 (s, 2H), 3.64 (s, 2H), 3.15-2.84 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.82 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.50 (m, 4H), 1.41 (s, 2H), 1.08-1.28 (m, 4H).

Compound 16, C₂₅H₂₅ClN₄O₆

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=11.52 (s, 1H), 10.12 (s, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=1.9, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.5, 2H), 7.39 (d, J=8.5, 2H), 7.24 (dd, J=8.4, 1.9, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 5.07 (s, 2H), 4.08 (d, J=12.5, 2H), 4.02-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.56 (t, J=9.1, 1H), 3.41 (dd, J=9.6, 6.2, 1H), 3.30-3.17 (m, 1H), 2.89 (s, 2H), 2.62-2.52 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.47 (m, 4H).

Compound 19, C₂₄H₂₆Cl₂N₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 2H), 7.57 (t, J=1.8, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=1.8, 2H), 5.08 (s, 2H), 4.69-4.32 (m, 1H), 3.70-3.35 (m, 5H), 3.14-2.70 (m, 3H), 2.62-2.52 (m, 4H), 1.91-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.37 (m, 2H).

Compound 25, C₂₅H₂₆Cl₂N₄O₅

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=11.75 (s, 1H), 7.55 (t, J=1.9, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=1.9, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=1.4, 1H), 7.18 (dd, J=8.0, 1.4, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=8.0, 1H), 5.06 (s, 2H), 4.01 (d, J=13.2, 2H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 2.95-2.71 (m, 3H), 2.48-2.38 (m, 4H), 1.74 (d, J=10.9, 2H), 1.38-1.25 (m, 3H).

Compound 34, C₂₅H₂₇F₃N₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.57 (d, J=8.0, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.3, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 4.41 (s, 1H), 3.60 (s, 1H), 3.47-3.34 (m, 5H), 3.14-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.53 (m, 4H), 1.94-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 51, C₂₄H₂₆Cl₂N₆O₃ (C₂₄H₂₄(D₂)Cl₂N₆O₃)

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6, d-TFA exchanged) δ [ppm]=8.01-7.96 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J=8.67, 1.00, 1H), 7.44 (s, 2H), 5.13 (d, J=3.1, 2H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 4.07-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.82-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.28 (m, 4H), 3.28-2.81 (m, 3H), 2.37-2.23 (m, 1H), 2.20-2.07 (m, 3H), 1.55 (s, 2H).

Compound 63, C₂₄H₂₆ClFN₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=7.95 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.51-7.39 (m, 3H), 7.31 (d, J=8.1, 1H), 5.07 (s, 2H), 4.31 (s, 1H), 3.63-3.34 (m, 4H), 3.12-2.94 (m, 4H), 2.71 (s, 1H), 2.55-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.52 (m, 4H), 1.22 (s, 2H).

Compound 75, C₂₅H₂₆F₄N₆O₃

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.88 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.63 (d, J=9.0, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=9.0, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.1, 1H), 5.16 (s, 2H), 4.05 (d, J=9.2, 2H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 3.44-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.17 (d, J=5.1, 1H), 2.95-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.50 (m, 4H), 1.75 (d, J=11.8, 2H), 1.38-1.25 (m, 2H).

Compound 77, C₂₅H₂₆ClF₃N₆O₃, (C₂₅H₂₅(D)ClF₃N₆O₃)

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.88 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 5.15 (s, 2H), 4.05 (d, J=8.8, 2H), 3.81-3.39 (m, 2H), 2.95-2.71 (m, 3H), 2.60-2.45 (m, 4H), 1.76 (d, J=9.4, 2H), 1.48-1.17 (m, 3H).

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6, d-TFA exchanged) δ [ppm]=8.14 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 7.77 (s, 2H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J=8.5, 1.3, 1H), 5.20 (s, 2H), 4.21 (d, J=13.5, 2H), 3.66-3.21 (m, 8H), 3.09-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.11 (d, J=11.5, 2H), 1.67-1.57 (m, 2H).

Compound 101, C₂₅H₂₆ClF₃N₆O₄

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ [ppm]=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.93 (s, 2H), 7.67 (d, J=1.9, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J=8.4, 1.1, 1H), 7.48-7.41 (m, 2H), 5.09 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 3.61 (s, 1H), 3.39 (m, 5H), 3.01 (s, 1H), 2.85 (s, 1H), 2.60-2.49 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.31 (m, 2H).

Compound 109

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.86 (s, 1H), 7.96-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.57 (d, J=8.0, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 4.48 (s, 1H), 3.65-3.35 (m, 4H), 3.12-7.75 (m, 2H), 2.56-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.35-2.31 (m, 4H), 2.18 (d, J=6.9, 2H), 1.87-1.58 (m, 3H), 1.17-1.15 (m, 2H).

Compound 110

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.77 (s, 1H), 10.30 (s, 1H), 8.60 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, J=2.6, 1H), 8.04-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.61 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 6.90 (d, J=9.1, 1H), 5.22 (s, 2H), 3.66-3.28 (m, 9H).

Compound 112

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=11.55 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.57 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.27-7.21 (m, 2H), 5.46 (s, 2H), 5.16 (s, 2H), 4.03 (d, J=12.8, 2H), 3.50 (s, 4H), 3.30-3.20 (m, 3H), 2.89 (s, 3H), 2.47-2.42 (m, 1H), 1.76 (d, J=11.9, 2H), 1.39-1.28 (m, 2H).

Compound 115

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.79 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.72-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.64-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 3.59 (s, 1H), 3.39 (s, 4H), 3.29 (s, 4H), 3.17-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.50 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 116

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.80 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.42 (m, 3H), 5.04 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 3.38 (s, 7H), 3.10-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.51 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.49-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 118

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.85 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.58 (td, J=8.3, 1.1, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J=11.3, 1.9, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J=8.6, 0.9, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=9.0, 1H), 5.10 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.38 (s, 5H), 3.12-2.75 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 123

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.46-7.39 (m, 3H), 7.29 (d, J=8.4, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 4.08 (s, 2H), 3.72-3.38 (m, 3H), 3.18 (t, J=4.9, 2H), 3.10-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.41 (s, 2H), 2.20 (s, 2H), 1.83-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.30 (m, 2H).

Compound 127

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=12.56 (s, 2H), 7.74 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.57 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.13 (s, 2H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 3.45-3.45 (m, 12H), 2.89 (s, 1H), 1.75 (s, 2H), 1.41-1.31 (m, 2H).

Compound 139

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.57 (s, 1H), 8.08-8.03 (m, 3H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=8.6, 1H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 4.39 (d, J=13.0, 1H), 4.02 (d, J=13.0, 1H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 3.45-3.25 (m, 5H), 2.99 (t, J=12.1, 1H), 2.55 (t, J=12.1, 1H), 2.47-2.38 (m, 4H), 1.77-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.26-1.12 (m, 2H).

Compound 140

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.50 (s, 1H), 8.81 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=1.9, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 7.11 (t, J=1.9, 1H), 4.41 (d, J=13.0, 1H), 4.04 (d, J=12.0, 1H), 3.90 (s, 2H), 3.45-3.35 (m, 5H), 3.01 (t, J=11.9, 1H), 2.59 (t, J=11.9, 1H), 2.48-2.41 (m, 4H), 1.80-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.14 (m, 2H).

Compound 144

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.85 (s, 1H), 7.97-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.44 (dd, J=8.6, 1.1, 1H), 5.24 (s, 2H), 3.94 (s, 2H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.32 (s, 4H), 2.80 (s, 3H), 2.50-2.40 (m, 1H), 1.73 (d, J=12.3, 2H), 1.35-1.22 (m, 2H).

Compound 147

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.70 (m, 1H), 7.97-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=9.1, 1H), 6.94 (s, 3H), 4.98 (s, 2H), 4.50 (s, 1H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 3.35 (s, 5H), 3.10-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.55-2.45 (m, 3H), 2.26 (s, 6H), 1.92-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 152

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.78 (s, 1H), 7.98-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.45 (d, J=8.8, 1H), 7.40 (dt, J=8.8, 2.1, 1H), 7.30 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=9.4, 1H), 5.09 (s, 2H), 4.52 (s, 1H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 3.50-3.40 (s, 7H), 3.12-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.55 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 153

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=12.33 (s, 1H), 8.07-8.03 (m, 4H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.4, 1.9, 1H), 7.28 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 5.24 (s, 2H), 3.63 (d, J=11.7, 2H), 3.35 (s, 4H), 2.43-2.37 (m, 4H), 2.24 (t, J=11.0, 3H), 1.75 (d, J=10.9, 2H), 1.48-1.38 (m, 2H).

Compound 158

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.75 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.81 (t, J=7.9, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=11.8, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=9.3, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.1, 1H), 5.18 (s, 2H), 4.52 (s, 1H), 3.61 (s, 2H), 3.45 (s, 6H), 3.12-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.52 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.37 (m, 2H).

Compound 160

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.85 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=8.7, 2H), 7.02-6.97 (m, 2H), 4.85 (s, 2H), 4.51 (s, 1H), 3.61 (s, 1H), 3.43 (s, 5H), 3.12-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.40 (m, H), 1.92-1.60 (s, 2H), 1.50-1.35 (m, 2H).

Compound 161

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=12.64 (s, 2H), 8.09-8.04 (m, 3H), 7.15 (s, 2H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 5.26 (s, 2H), 4.35 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.41 (m, 6H), 2.89 (s, 2H), 2.49-2.44 (m, 4H), 1.74 (s, 2H), 1.42-1.30 (m, 2H).

Compound 162

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.86 (s, 1H), 8.05 (s, 3H), 7.94 (d, J=7.6, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 5.24 (s, 2H), 4.03 (d, J=12.8, 2H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 3.28 (s, 5H), 2.95-2.75 (s, 2H), 2.61-2.45 (m, 2H), 1.76 (d, J=11.0, 2H), 1.36-1.26 (m, 2H).

Compound 163

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=12.01 (s, 1H), 8.05 (s, 3H), 7.64 (d, J=1.5, 1H), 7.29 (dd, J=8.2, 1.6, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=8.2, 1H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 4.40 (s, 1H), 3.98-3.56 (m, 2H), 3.36 (s, 7H), 2.89 (s, 2H), 2.58-2.50 (m, 1H), 1.74 (s, 2H), 1.39 (qd, J=12.2, 4.2, 2H).

Compound 169

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.84 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 3H), 7.97-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=8.7, 1H), 5.88 (q, J=6.6, 1H), 4.50 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.30 (m, 6H), 3.10-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.31 (m, 4H), 1.89-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.52 (d, J=6.6, 3H), 1.48-1.38 (m, 2H).

Compound 178

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.85 (s, 1H), 7.90-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.77 (s, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 4.52 (s, 1H), 3.72-3.30 (m, 7H), 3.12-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.53 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.35 (m, 6H).

Compound 179

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.83 (s, 1H), 7.97-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=9.2, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.5, 2H), 7.22 (d, J=8.5, 2H), 4.52 (s, 1H), 3.69-3.5 (m, 3H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 3.12-2.77 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.41 (m, 4H), 2.31 (t, J=7.2, 2H). 1.96-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.36 (m, 3H), 1.22-1.15 (m, 1H).

Compound 182

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO, d-TFA-exchanged) δ=8.08 (s, 1H), 7.88 (t, J=8.2, 1H), 7.69-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.58-7.40 (m, 3H), 5.13 (s, 2H), 4.25-3.90 (m, 4H), 3.84-3.54 (m, 3H), 3.52 (s, 3H), 3.10-2.65 (m, 4H), 2.20-1.40 (m, 5H).

Compound 183

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ=12.11 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=1.5, 1H), 7.53 (dd, J=8.2, 1.7, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=8.2, 1H), 5.14 (s, 2H), 3.65 (d, J=11.6, 2H), 3.58-3.30 (m, 4H), 2.42 (s, 4H), 2.22 (t, J=11.0, 3H), 1.76 (d, J=11.5, 2H), 1.52-1.38 (m, 2H).

Compound 184

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=8.10 (s, 2H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=12.5, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=8.4, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.5, 1H), 5.28 (s, 2H), 4.57-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.11-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.67-3.50 (m, 3H), 3.40.3.33 (m, 2H), 3.30-2.75 (m, 4H), 1.78-1.41 (m, 4H).

Compound 187

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=15.88 (s, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=7.8, 1H), 7.95-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 3.80-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.24 (m, 8H), 2.35-2.27 (m, 1H), 1.93 (d, J=11.7, 2H), 1.83 (d, J=11.3, 2H), 1.48-1.27 (m, 4H).

Compound 188

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ=8.43 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=7.8, 1H), 7.90 (s, 2H), 7.73 (d, J=8.1, 2H), 7.51 (d, J=8.2, 2H), 5.15 (s, 2H), 3.79-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.15 (m, 9H), 2.35-2.27 (m, 1H), 1.93 (d, J=11.5, 2H), 1.83 (d, J=11.3, 2H), 1.45-1.29 (m, 4H).

The following analytical methods were use for determining above illustrated physico-chemical parameters:

ESI: Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (M+H)⁺

¹HPLC-Methode (Non-Polar)

Solvent A: water+0.1% TFA

Solvent B: acetonitrile+0.08% TFA

Flow: 1.5 ml/min

Gradient:

0.0 min 20% B 5.0 min 100% B 5.5 min 100% B 6.0 min 20% B 6.5 min 20% B

Column: Chromolith Performance RP18e 100-3

²HPLC/MS-Methode (Polar)

Solvent A: water+0.05% formic acid

Solvent B: acetonitrile+0.04% formic acid

Flow: 2.4 ml/min,

wavelength: 220 nm

Gradient:

0.0 min 4% B 2.8 min 100% B 3.3 min 100% B 3.4 min 4% B

Column: Chromolith Speed ROD RP-18e 50-4.6 mm

II. Autotaxin Assay Assay Description

Autotaxin activity is measured indirectly by means of Amplex Red Reagent. In this course, Amplex Red is measured as fluorogenic indicator for generated H₂O₂. Autotaxin converts substrate lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to phosphocholine and lysophosphatidylic acid (LPA). After the conversion phosphocholine is reacted with alkaline phosphatase to obtain inorganic phosphate and choline. During the next step choline is oxidized with choline oxidase to yield betaine, whereby H₂O₂ is generated. H₂O₂ reacts with Amplex Red Reagent in the presence of peroxidase (Horseradish peroxidase) in an 1:1 stochiometry and yields highly fluorescent resorufin. The generated fluorescence is measured in a reaction-dependent kinetic mode in order to enable subtraction of fluorescence signals of possible other fluorescent compounds that are not part of the reaction from total measured fluorescence.

Performing the Assay

1.5 μl of a standard solution or of the compounds of the invention are dissolved in 20 mM Hepes pH 7.2 with maximally 7.7% DMSO in individual concentrations. The resulting solution is pre-incubated together with 10 μl (16 ng) of highly purified recombinant autotaxin in a black 384-hole microtiter plate for 30 min at 22° C.

Thereafter, the reaction is started through the addition of 5 μL-a-lysophosphatidyl-choline (LPC), whereby the final concentration of LPC is 75 μM. The mixture is incubated for 90 min. at 37° C. After the incubation Amplex Red Reagent, peroxidase (Horseradish peroxidase) and choline oxidase are added. The fluorescence is immediately measured at a wavelength of 612 nm with an excitation wavelength of 485 nm in a “Tecan Ultra multimode” fluorescence reader. The activity of autotaxin is indirectly calculated via the amount of detected generated H₂O₂.

For IC₅₀ analysis, ten serial 1:3 dilutions starting at 30 μM for each compound were run in duplicates.

IC₅₀ values were calculated on normalized data. For normalization, control wells were added to each assay plate and the signal of uninhibited control wells was set to 100%, whereas the signal inhibited by 500 μM C14 LPA, (Avanti Polar Lipids, Cat#857120P) was set to 0%. Curves were fitted and IC₅₀ values calculated by the following model using proprietory analysis software:

Y=Bottom+(100-Bottom)/(1+10̂((LogIC₅₀-X)*HillSlope))

Where X is the logarithm of concentration. Y is the response; Y starts at Bottom and goes to Top with a sigmoid shape.

Material

Microtiter plate: PS-Microplate, 384-hole, small volume, black Corning, Cat#3677

Protein: Recombinant autotaxin (baculoviral Hi5 expression)

Substrate: L-a-lysophosphatidyl choline (chicken egg); Avanti Polar Lipids #830071P

Standard: C14 LPA, Avanti Polar Lipids, Cat#857120P

Detection Reagent: Amplex Red Reagent; Invitrogen #A12222; dissolved in 1.923 ml of DMSO peroxidase Type VI-A (horseradish), Sigma #P6782; dissolved in 7.45 ml of test buffer, Choline Oxidase; Sigma #C5896; dissolved in 2.47 ml test buffer

Detection Reagent Mix: 1:100 dilution of Amplex Red Regent in test buffer

Test buffer: 200 mM Tris-HCl, Merck, Cat #1.08219, pH 7.9; 0.1% BSA, lipid free, Roche Cat#775835

TABLE 3 IC₅₀ value [M] or Compound Chemical Name % CTRL (1E−05) 1 3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-[1′-(3′-trifluoromethyl- <1.00E−06 biphenyl-2-carbonyl)-[4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]- propan-1-one 2 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo- <1.00E−06 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester 3 5-Oxo-1-{1-[3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- <1.00E−06 propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-amide 4 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo- <1.00E−06 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 5 4-[5-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6- <1.00E−05 ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-3-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 6 4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-3- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 7 4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- chloro-benzyl ester 8 1H-Benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acid (1-{1-[3-(4- <1.00E−05 trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- pyrrolidin-3-yl)-amide 9 4-{3-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−06 pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 10 4-[3-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]- <3.00E−05 piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 11 [1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−06 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl-biphenyl-2-yl)- methanone 12 1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−06 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester 13 [1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−05 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl-biphenyl-3-yl)- methanone 15 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6- <1.00E−06 ylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 16 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6- <1.00E−05 ylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 17 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-2-yl-ethylcarbamoyl)- <1.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 19 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester 20 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro- benzyl ester 21 3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-{4-[4-(3′-trifluoromethyl- <1.00E−06 biphenyl-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-propan-1-one 22 1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−06 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-3-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one 23 1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <3.00E−05 [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-2-(4-chloro-phenyl)- ethanone 24 1-{1-[4-Methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- <1.00E−05 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-5-oxo- pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (1H-benzotriazol-5- yl)-amide 25 4-[4-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazole-6- <1.00E−06 carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 27 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-2-oxo- 83% pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl ester 28 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-ethylcarbamoyl)- <1.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 29 9-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-3,9-diaza- <3.00E−05 spiro[5.5]undecane-3-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 30 4-[2-Oxo-4-(2-pyridin-3-yl-ethylcarbamoyl)- <3.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 31 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (3,5-dichloro- phenyl)-amide 32 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 33 6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]- <1.00E−06 piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one 34 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 35 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 36 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 37 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 38 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 5-chloro-2- methoxy-benzyl ester 39 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2-chloro-benzyl ester 40 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-methyl-benzyl ester 41 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-benzyl ester 42 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-benzyl ester 43 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-isopropyl- benzyl ester 45 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4-dichloro- benzyl ester 46 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,4-dichloro- benzyl ester 47 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 48 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[4-methyl-2-(4- <1.00E−05 trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]- piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)-methanone 49 6-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]- <1.00E−06 piperidin-4-yl}-piperazine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one 50 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 51 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 52 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5-trifluoromethyl-1H- <1.00E−05 benzoimidazole-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]- piperidin-1-yl}-methanone 53 4-{4-[2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-oxo- <1.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 54 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl- <1.00E−05 phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 55 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-pyrazol-1-yl-phenylcarbamoyl)- <1.00E−05 pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5- dichloro-benzyl ester 56 4-{4-[4-(3-Methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl)- <1.00E−05 phenylcarbamoyl]-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl}- piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 57 4-[2-Oxo-4-(4-[1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl- <1.00E−05 phenylcarbamoyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-piperidine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester 58 (E)-3-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)-1-(4-{1-[3-(4- <1.00E−05 trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}- piperazin-1-yl)-propenone 59 N-[4-(4-{1-[3-(4-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- <1.00E−05 propionyl]-piperidin-4-yl}-piperazine-1-carbonyl)- phenyl]-methanesulfonamide 60 1-(4-{4-[3-(1H-Imidazol-2-yl)-benzoyl]-piperazin- <3.00E−05 1-yl}-piperidin-1-yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 61 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 62 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 63 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2- fluoro-benzyl ester 64 6-(4-{4-[3-(4-Chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionyl]- <1.00E−05 piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one 65 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazole-6- <1.00E−06 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-2-fluoro-benzyl ester 66 1-{3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 ylamino]-pyrrolidin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one 67 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 68 3-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 ylamino]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 69 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-propan- 1-one 70 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-pyrrolidin-3- <1.00E−05 ylamino]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 71 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 72 2-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-N-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-2-oxo-acetamide 73 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2-fluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 74 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2-fluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 75 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 76 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 77 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 78 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4-fluoro- benzyl ester 79 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4,5-trifluoro- benzyl ester 80 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-bromo-benzyl ester 81 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−06 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-propan-1- one 82 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)- propan-1-one 83 (E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−06 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-bromo-2- fluoro-phenyl)-propenone 84 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−06 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 85 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4-dichloro- benzyl ester 86 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 87 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-isopropyl-benzyl ester 88 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- 89% 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)- propan-1-one 89 4-{4-[(S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-propionyl]- <3.00E−05 piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 90 (E)-1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- <1.00E−06 piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro- phenyl)-propenone 91 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[1-(3,5-dichloro-4- 66% fluoro-benzoyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazin-1-yl}- methanone 92 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 93 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-4- fluoro-benzyl ester 94 4-(3-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- 77% piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-oxo-propyl)- benzonitrile 95 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 96 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 97 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-4- fluoro-benzyl ester 98 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dibromo-4- methyl-benzyl ester 99 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 5-chloro-2-fluoro- 3-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 100 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-fluoro-3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 101 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 102 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- 24% yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-2-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone 103 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-2-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-ethanone 104 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one 105 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one 106 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one 107 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6-yl)-4,5- <1.00E−05 dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 108 4-[3-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazol-6-yl)- <1.00E−05 pyrazol-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 109 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 ylmethyl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 110 4-{5-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <3.00E−05 pyridin-2-yl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 111 4-[5-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-ylcarbamoyl)-pyridin-2- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 112 4-[4-(3-Amino-1H-indazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 113 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3-difluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 114 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 115 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-trifluoromethyl- benzyl ester 116 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4,5- difluoro-benzyl ester 117 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-3-fluoro- benzyl ester 118 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 119 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-methyl-3- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 120 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-methoxy-3,5- dimethyl-benzyl ester 121 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4,5-trimethoxy- benzyl ester 122 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzylamide 123 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propane- 1,2-dione 124 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(4′-trifluoromethyl- <1.00E−05 biphenyl-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-methanone 125 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(3′-trifluoromethyl- <1.00E−05 biphenyl-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin-1- yl}-methanone 126 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzothiazole-6- <1.00E−05 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 127 4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazole-5- <1.00E−05 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 128 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 129 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3-chloro-4,5-difluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one 130 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,5-dibromo-4-methyl- phenyl)-propan-1-one 131 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(4-chloro- phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethyl ester 132 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 133 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-1-one 134 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2-methyl-2H- indazol-3-ylmethyl ester 135 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid [3,3′]bithiophenyl- 5-ylmethyl ester 136 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid benzo[1,3]dioxol- 5-ylmethyl ester 137 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3-dihydro- benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-ylmethyl ester 138 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4-[2-(4- <1.00E−05 trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidin-1-yl)-ethanone 139 4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl-acetyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 140 4-[1-(2-1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl-acetyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (3,5-dichloro- phenyl)-amide 141 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-1-(4-{4-[2-(3,5-bis- <1.00E−05 trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}- piperidin-1-yl)-ethanone 142 6-(4-{4-[2-(3,5-Bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-acetyl]- <1.00E−05 piperazin-1-yl}-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-3H- benzooxazol-2-one 143 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 144 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro- 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 145 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-chloro-3- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 146 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-bromo-5- chloro-benzyl ester 147 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dimethyl- benzyl ester 148 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dibromo- benzyl ester 149 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-methylsulfanyl- benzyl ester 150 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dimethoxy- benzyl ester 151 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-ethyl-benzyl ester 152 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5-fluoro- benzyl ester 153 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzothiazole-6- <1.00E−05 sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 154 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-bromo-5-fluoro- benzyl ester 155 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-bromo-benzyl ester 156 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-bromo-2-fluoro- benzyl ester 157 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4-bromo-2,6- difluoro-benzyl ester 158 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-fluoro-4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 159 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-{4-[4-(5-bromo- <1.00E−05 benzofuran-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-piperidin- 1-yl}-methanone 160 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-2-(4-trifluoromethoxy- phenoxy)-ethanone 161 4-[1-(2-Thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazole-5- <1.00E−06 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 162 4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin-1- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 163 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzothiazole-6- <1.00E−06 carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 164 1-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- propane-1,3-dione 165 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,4-difluoro-5- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 166 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-bromo-4- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 167 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- difluoromethoxy-benzyl ester 168 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- difluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 169 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (R)-1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 170 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2,2,2-trifluoro-1- p-tolyl-1-trifluoromethyl-ethyl ester 171 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (S)-1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 172 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl ester 173 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2-methyl-5- phenyl-furan-3-ylmethyl ester 174 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 2-(4-chloro- phenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-ylmethyl ester 175 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-(4-chloro- phenyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-5-ylmethyl ester 176 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <3.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-butan- 1-one 177 1-{4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−05 yl]-piperazin-1-yl}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- butan-1-one 178 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 1-(3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-cyclopropyl ester 179 (1H-Benzotriazol-5-yl)-(4-{4-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)- <1.00E−05 cyclopropanecarbonyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-piperidin- 1-yl)-methanone 180 2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-N-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl- phenyl}-acetamide 181 2-{4-[4-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperazin- <1.00E−05 1-yl]-piperidin-1-yl}-N-(5-chloro-2-methoxy- phenyl}-acetamide 182 4-{[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-pyrrolidin-3- <1.00E−05 yl]-methyl-amino}-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 183 4-[1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzooxazole-6- <1.00E−05 sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 184 4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-piperidin-4- <1.00E−06 yl]-3-oxo-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 185 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <3.00E−05 cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester 186 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−06 cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 187 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−06 cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-chloro- 5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 188 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−05 cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester 189 4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)-amino]- <1.00E−05 cyclohexyl}-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3-fluoro- 4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester 

1. A compound according to formula (Ia)

wherein: W₁, W₂ together independently form —N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—, —C(O)—N(R5)-, —C(S)—N(R5a)—, —C(O)—C(R6)(R7)-, or —N═C[N(R8)(R9)]—; Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —S(O)₂—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, and single bond; Y₂ is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(R12)(R13)-, —O—, —N(R14)-, —C(O)—, —C(O)—NH—, and single bond; Y₃ is independently selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C(O)—, and single bond; Z₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N(R15); L is independently selected from the group consisting of

B is independently selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, wherein cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl are optionally independently substituted with one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHX1, —NX2X3, —NO₂, —OH, ═O, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)—X4, —C(O)O—X5, —C(O)NH—X6, —C(O)NX7X8, —O—X9, —O(—X10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(—X11-O)_(b)—X12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)—X13, —OC(O)—O—X14, —OC(O)—NHX15, —O—C(O)—NX16X17, —OP(O)(OX18)(OX19), —OSi(X20)(X21)(X22), —OS(O₂)—X23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)—X24, —NX25C(O)—X26, —NH—C(O)—O—X27, —NH—C(O)—NH—X28, —NH—C(O)—NX29X30, —NX31-C(O)—O—X32, —NX33-C(O)—NH—X34, —NX35-C(O)—NX36X37, —NHS(O₂)—X38, —NX39S(O₂)—X40, —S—X41, —S(O)—X42, —S(O₂)—X43, —S(O₂)NH—X44, —S(O₂)NX45X46, —S(O₂)O—X47, —P(O)(OX48)(OX49), —Si(X50)(X51)(X52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NX53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHX54, —C(NH)—NX55X56, —C(NX57)-NHX58, —C(NX59)-NX60X61, —NH—C(O)—NH—O—X62, —NH—C(O)—NX63-O—X64, —NX65-C(O)—NX66-O—X67, —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NX69-O—X70)₂, —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X71)(—C(O)—NX72-O—X73), —C(S)—X74, —C(S)—O—X75, —C(S)—NH—X76, —C(S)—NX77X78, —C(O)—NH—O—X79, —C(O)—NX80-O—X81, —C(S)—NH—O—X82, —C(S)—NX83-O—X84, —C(O)—NH—NH—X85, —C(O)—NH—NX86X87, —C(O)—NX88-NX89X90, —C(S)—NH—NH—X91, —C(S)—NH—NX92X93, —C(S)—NX94-NX95X96, —C(O)—C(O)—O—X97, —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHX98, —C(O)—C(O)—NX99X100, —C(S)—C(O)—O—X101, —C(O)—C(S)—O—X102, —C(S)—C(S)—O—X103, —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHX104, —C(S)—C(O)—NX105X106, —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHX107, —C(S)—C(S)—NX108X109, —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHX110, and —C(O)—C(S)—NX111X112, which is hereinafter also referred to as substituents group (i); wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, X18, X19, X20, X21, X22, X23, X24, X25, X26, X27, X28, X29, X30, X31, X32, X33, X34, X35, X36, X37, X38, X39, X40, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X46, X47, X48, X49, X50, X51, X52, X53, X54, X55, X56, X57, X58, X59, X60, X61, X62, X63, X64, X65, X66, X67, X68, X69, X70, X71, X72, X73, X74, X75, X76, X77, X78, X79, X80, X81, X82, X83, X84, X85, X86, X87, X88, X89, X90, X91, X92, X93, X94, X95, X96, X97, X98, X99, X100, X101, X102, X103, X104, X105, X106, X107, X108, X109, X110, X111, and X112 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl and wherein alternatively X7, X8 and/or X16, X17 and/or X29, X30 and/or X36, X37 and/or X45, X46 and/or X55, X56 and/or X60, X61 and/or X77, X78 and/or X86, X87 and/or X89, X90 and/or X92, X93 and/or X95, X96 and/or X99, X100 and/or X105, X106 and/or X108, X109 and/or X111, X112 respectively together optionally form a heterocyclyl; wherein the above substituents of substituents group (i) are optionally and independently from each other are substituted with one or more identical or different substituents V; R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, R4a, R4b, R5, R5a, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R15 are independently from each other V; or alternatively, R3a and R4a, R3b and R4b as well as R3 and R4 together optionally form cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl; V is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHA1, —NA2A3, —NO₂, —OH, ═O, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)-A4, —C(O)O-A5, —C(O)NH-A6, —C(O)NA7A8, —O-A9, —O(-A10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(-A11-O)_(b)-A12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)-A13, —OC(O)—O-A14, —OC(O)—NHA15, —O—C(O)—NA16A17, —OP(O)(OA18)(OA19), —OSi(A20)(A21)(A22), —OS(O₂)-A23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)-A24, —NA25C(O)-A26, —NH—C(O)—O-A27, —NH—C(O)—NH-A28, —NH—C(O)—NA29A30, —NA31-C(O)—O-A32, —NA33-C(O)—NH-A34, —NA35-C(O)—NA36A37, —NHS(O₂)-A38, —NA39S(O₂)-A40, —S-A41, —S(O)-A42, —S(O₂)-A43, —S(O₂)NH-A44, —S(O₂)NA45A46, —S(O₂)O-A47, —P(O)(OA48)(OA49), —Si(A50)(A51)(A52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NA53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHA54, —C(NH)—NA55A56, —C(NA57)-NHA58, —C(NA59)-NA60A61, —NH—C(O)—NH—O-A62, —NH—C(O)—NA63-O-A64, —NA65-C(O)—NA66-O-A67, —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NA69-O-A70)₂, —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A71)(—C(O)—NA72-O-A73), —C(S)-A74, —C(S)—O-A75, —C(S)—NH-A76, —C(S)—NA77A78, —C(O)—NH—O-A79, —C(O)—NA80-O-A81, —C(S)—NH—O-A82, —C(S)—NA83-O-A84, —C(O)—NH—NH-A85, —C(O)—NH-NA86A87, —C(O)—NA88-NA89A90, —C(S)—NH—NH-A91, —C(S)—NH-NA92A93, —C(S)—NA94-NA95A96, —C(O)—C(O)—O-A97, —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHA98, —C(O)—C(O)—NA99A100, —C(S)—C(O)—O-A101, —C(O)—C(S)—O-A102, —C(S)—C(S)—O-A103, —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHA104, —C(S)—C(O)—NA105A106, —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHA107, —C(S)—C(S)—NA108A109, —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHA110, and —C(O)—C(S)—NA111A112, which is hereinafter also referred to as substituents group (ii); wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21, A22, A23, A24, A25, A26, A27, A28, A29, A30, A31, A32, A33, A34, A35, A36, A37, A38, A39, A40, A41, A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A48, A49, A50, A51, A52, A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58, A59, A60, A61, A62, A63, A64, A65, A66, A67, A68, A69, A70, A71, A72, A73, A74, A75, A76, A77, A78, A79, A80, A81, A82, A83, A84, A85, A86, A87, A88, A89, A90, A91, A92, A93, A94, A95, A96, A97, A98, A99, A100, A101, A102, A103, A104, A105, A106, A107, A108, A109, A110, A111, and A112 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl and wherein alternatively A7, A8 and/or A16, A17 and/or A29, A30 and/or A36, A37 and/or A45, A46 and/or A55, A56 and/or A60, A61 and/or A77, A78 and/or A86, A87 and/or A89, A90 and/or A92, A93 and/or A95, A96 and/or A99, A100 and/or A105, A106 and/or A108, A109 and/or A111, A112 respectively together optionally form a heterocyclyl; wherein the above substituents of substituents group (ii) are optionally and independently from each other are substituted with one or more identical or different substituents V; m is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3; n is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3; and o is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof; or a compound according to formula (Ib)

wherein: W₁, W₂ together independently form —N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—, —C(O)—N(R5)-, —C(O)—C(R6)(R7)-, or —N═C[N(R8)(R9)]—; Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, and single bond; Y₂ is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(R12)(R13)-, —O—, —N(R14)-, —C(O)—NH—, and single bond; Z₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N(R15); L is independently selected from the group consisting of:

B is independently selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, wherein cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl are optionally independently substituted with one or more identical or different substituents selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHX1, —NX2X3, —NO₂, —OH, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)—X4, —C(O)O—X5, —C(O)NH—X6, —C(O)NX7X8, —O—X9, —O(—X10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(—X11-O)_(b)—X12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)—X13, —OC(O)—O—X14, —OC(O)—NHX15, —O—C(O)—NX16X17, —OP(O)(OX18)(OX19), —OSi(X20)(X21)(X22), —OS(O₂)—X23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)—X24, —NX25C(O)—X26, —NH—C(O)—O—X27, —NH—C(O)—NH—X28, —NH—C(O)—NX29X30, —NX31-C(O)—O—X32, —NX33-C(O)—NH—X34, —NX35-C(O)—NX36X37, —NHS(O₂)—X38, —NX39S(O₂)—X40, —S—X41, —S(O)—X42, —S(O₂)—X43, —S(O₂)NH—X44, —S(O₂)NX45X46, —S(O₂)O—X47, —P(O)(OX48)(OX49), —Si(X50)(X51)(X52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NX53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHX54, —C(NH)—NX55X56, —C(NX57)-NHX58, —C(NX59)-NX60X61, —NH—C(O)—NH—O—X62, —NH—C(O)—NX63-O—X64, —NX65-C(O)—NX66-O—X67, —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NX69-O—X70)₂, —N(—C(O)—NH—O—X71)(—C(O)—NX72-O—X73), —C(S)—X74, —C(S)—O—X75, —C(S)—NH—X76, —C(S)—NX77X78, —C(O)—NH—O—X79, —C(O)—NX80-O—X81, —C(S)—NH—O—X82, —C(S)—NX83-O—X84, —C(O)—NH—NH—X85, —C(O)—NH—NX86X87, —C(O)—NX88-NX89X90, —C(S)—NH—NH—X91, —C(S)—NH—NX92X93, —C(S)—NX94-NX95X96, —C(O)—C(O)—O—X97, —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHX98, —C(O)—C(O)—NX99X100, —C(S)—C(O)—O—X101, —C(O)—C(S)—O—X102, —C(S)—C(S)—O—X103, —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHX104, —C(S)—C(O)—NX105X106, —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHX107, —C(S)—C(S)—NX108X109, —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHX110, and —C(O)—C(S)—NX111X112, which is hereinafter also referred to as substituents group (iii); wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, X18, X19, X20, X21, X22, X23, X24, X25, X26, X27, X28, X29, X30, X31, X32, X33, X34, X35, X36, X37, X38, X39, X40, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X46, X47, X48, X49, X50, X51, X52, X53, X54, X55, X56, X57, X58, X59, X60, X61, X62, X63, X64, X65, X66, X67, X68, X69, X70, X71, X72, X73, X74, X75, X76, X77, X78, X79, X80, X81, X82, X83, X84, X85, X86, X87, X88, X89, X90, X91, X92, X93, X94, X95, X96, X97, X98, X99, X100, X101, X102, X103, X104, X105, X106, X107, X108, X109, X110, X111, and X112 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl and wherein alternatively X7, X8 and/or X16, X17 and/or X29, X30 and/or X36, X37 and/or X45, X46 and/or X55, X56 and/or X60, X61 and/or X77, X78 and/or X86, X87 and/or X89, X90 and/or X92, X93 and/or X95, X96 and/or X99, X100 and/or X105, X106 and/or X108, X109 and/or X111, X112 respectively together optionally form a heterocyclyl; wherein the above substituents of substituents group (iii) are optionally and independently from each other are substituted with one or more identical or different substituents V; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 are independently from each other V; V is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, halogen, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF₃, —N₃, —NH₂, —NHA1, —NA2A3, —NO₂, —OH, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —SH, —O—SO₃H, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —CHO, —COOH, —C(O)NH₂, —SO₃H, —P(O)(OH)₂, —C(O)-A4, —C(O)O-A5, —C(O)NH-A6, —C(O)NA7A8, —O-A9, —O(-A10-O)_(a)—H (a=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —O(-A11-O)_(b)-A12 (b=1, 2, 3, 4, 5), —OC(O)-A13, —OC(O)—O-A14, —OC(O)—NHA15, —O—C(O)—NA16A17, —OP(O)(OA18)(OA19), —OSi(A20)(A21)(A22), —OS(O₂)-A23, —NHC(O)—NH₂, —NHC(O)-A24, —NA25C(O)-A26, —NH—C(O)—O-A27, —NH—C(O)—NH-A28, —NH—C(O)—NA29A30, —NA31-C(O)—O-A32, —NA33-C(O)—NH-A34, —NA35-C(O)—NA36A37, —NHS(O₂)-A38, —NA39S(O₂)-A40, —S-A41, —S(O)-A42, —S(O₂)-A43, —S(O₂)NH-A44, —S(O₂)NA45A46, —S(O₂)O-A47, —P(O)(OA48)(OA49), —Si(A50)(A51)(A52), —C(NH)—NH₂, —C(NA53)-NH₂, —C(NH)—NHA54, —C(NH)—NA55A56, —C(NA57)-NHA58, —C(NA59)-NA60A61, —NH—C(O)—NH—O-A62, —NH—C(O)—NA63-O-A64, —NA65-C(O)—NA66-O-A67, —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A68)₂, —N(—C(O)—NA69-O-A70)₂, —N(—C(O)—NH—O-A71)(—C(O)—NA72-O-A73), —C(S)-A74, —C(S)—O-A75, —C(S)—NH-A76, —C(S)—NA77A78, —C(O)—NH—O-A79, —C(O)—NA80-O-A81, —C(S)—NH—O-A82, —C(S)—NA83-O-A84, —C(O)—NH—NH-A85, —C(O)—NH-NA86A87, —C(O)—NA88-NA89A90, —C(S)—NH—NH-A91, —C(S)—NH-NA92A93, —C(S)—NA94-NA95A96, —C(O)—C(O)—O-A97, —C(O)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(O)—NHA98, —C(O)—C(O)—NA99A100, —C(S)—C(O)—O-A101, —C(O)—C(S)—O-A102, —C(S)—C(S)—O-A103, —C(S)—C(O)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(O)—NHA104, —C(S)—C(O)—NA105A106, —C(S)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(S)—C(S)—NHA107, —C(S)—C(S)—NA108A109, —C(O)—C(S)—NH₂, —C(O)—C(S)—NHA110, and —C(O)—C(S)—NA111A112, which is hereinafter also referred to as substituents group (iv); wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21, A22, A23, A24, A25, A26, A27, A28, A29, A30, A31, A32, A33, A34, A35, A36, A37, A38, A39, A40, A41, A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A48, A49, A50, A51, A52, A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58, A59, A60, A61, A62, A63, A64, A65, A66, A67, A68, A69, A70, A71, A72, A73, A74, A75, A76, A77, A78, A79, A80, A81, A82, A83, A84, A85, A86, A87, A88, A89, A90, A91, A92, A93, A94, A95, A96, A97, A98, A99, A100, A101, A102, A103, A104, A105, A106, A107, A108, A109, A110, A111, and A112 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl and wherein alternatively A7, A8 and/or A16, A17 and/or A29, A30 and/or A36, A37 and/or A45, A46 and/or A55, A56 and/or A60, A61 and/or A77, A78 and/or A86, A87 and/or A89, A90 and/or A92, A93 and/or A95, A96 and/or A99, A100 and/or A105, A106 and/or A108, A109 and/or A111, A112 respectively together optionally form a heterocyclyl; wherein the above substituents of substituents group (iv) are optionally and independently from each other substituted with one or more identical or different substituents V; and n is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof; or a compound according to formula (II)

wherein for the compound of formula (II) W₁, W₂, Y₁, Y₃, L, Z₁, B, R1, R2, R3, and R4 have the meanings according to either formulae (Ia) or (Ib); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof.
 2. (canceled)
 3. (canceled)
 4. The compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

is independently substituted by one of the following groups:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof.
 5. The compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, wherein: W₁, W₂ together independently form —N═N—, —C(O)—O—, —C(O)—S—, or —C(S)—N(R5a)—; Y₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of —C(O)—, —N(R10)-C(O)—, —C(O)—N(R11)-, —OC(O)—, —S(O)₂—, and a single bond; Z₁ is independently O; B is independently selected from the group consisting of (4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [3,3′]bithiophenyl-5-yl, 1H-benzotriazol-5-yl, 1H-imidazol-4-yl, 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-cyclopropane-yl, 2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2,3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-yl, 2,4-dichloro-phenyl, 2-chloro-phenyl, 2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 2-methyl-2H-indazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, 2-pyridin-2-yl, 3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-5-yl, 3,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl, 3,4-dichloro-phenyl, 3,4-difluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3,4-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-4-methyl-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-phenyl, 3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3,5-dichloro-phenyl, 3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 3′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl, 3-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-bromo-5-chloro-phenyl, 3-bromo-5-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4,5-difluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-phenyl, 3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 4-(3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 4′-methyl-biphenyl-2-yl, 4′-methyl-biphenyl-3-yl, 4-bromo-2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl, 4-bromo-phenyl, 4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-chloro-phenyl, 4-cyano-phenyl, 4-difluoromethoxy-phenyl, 4-difluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-ethyl-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl, 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiazol-5-yl, 4-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-methyl-phenyl, 4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl, 4-nitro-phenyl, 4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl, 4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-yl, 4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenyl, 5-bromo-benzofuran-2-yl, 5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 5-chloro-2-methoxy-phenyl, 5-trifluoromethyl-1H-benzoimidazole-2-yl, benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl, phenyl, and tetrahydrofuran-2-yl; R1, R2, R3, R3a, R3b, R4, R4a, R4b, R5, R5a, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, and R15 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br, —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl, —NO₂, and —S(O)₂-methyl V is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, halogen, —F, —Br, —Cl, —CN, —CF₃, —SF₃, —OCF₃, —SCF₃, —OCHF₂, —SCHF₂, ═O, —O-alkyl, —O-methyl, —S-alkyl, —S-methyl, —NO₂, and —S(O)₂-methyl; m is independently 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1 or 2; and o is independently 0, 1 or 2; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof.
 6. (canceled)
 7. A method for inhibiting autotaxin, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a compound of claim
 1. 8. A process for preparing a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps: (a) reacting a compound of formula (III),

wherein L, W₁, W₂, Y₁, R1, R2, R3a, R4a, V, and m have the meanings as indicated in any of the compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), with a compound of the formula (IVa) or (IVb),

wherein B, Y₃, R3, R4, and n have the meanings as indicated in any of the compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), and a compound selected from the group consisting of: 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene to yield a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II), in which Z₁ and Y₂ denote O; or (b) reacting a compound of formula (V)

wherein L, B, Y₂. Y₃, R3, R4, R3b, R4b, V, n, and o have the meanings as indicated in any of the compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), with a compound of formula (VI)

wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2, R3a, R4a, and m have the meanings as indicated in any of the compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), to yield a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) in which Z₁ denotes O and Y₁ denotes —C(O)—; or (c) reacting a compound of formula (VII)

wherein L, Y₂, Y₃, B, R3, R4, R3b, R4b, n, and o have the meanings as indicated in any of compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), with a compound of formula (VIII)

wherein W₁, W₂, R1, R2, and R10 have the meanings as indicated in any of compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II), to yield a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) in which Z₁ denotes O and Y₁ denotes —N(R10)-C(O)—; or (d) liberating a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) from one of it's functional derivatives by treating said functional derivative with an acidic, basic, solvolyzing or hydrogenolyzing agent; and/or converting a base or an acid of a compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) into one of its salts.
 9. (canceled)
 10. A method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a physiological and/or pathophysiological condition, which is caused, mediated and/or propagated by increased lysophosphatic acid levels and/or the activation of autotaxin, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim
 1. 11. A method for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a physiological and/or pathophysiological condition selected from the group consisting of: cancer, tumour, malignant tumours, benign tumours, solid tumours, sarcomas, carcinomas, hyperproliferative disorders, carcinoids, Ewing sarcomas, Kaposi sarcomas, brain tumours, tumours originating from the brain, tumours originating from the nervous system, tumours originating from the meninges, gliomas, glioblastomas, neuroblastomas, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, kidney cell carcinomas, prostate cancer, prostate carcinomas, connective tissue tumours, soft tissue sarcomas, pancreas tumours, liver tumours, head tumours, neck tumours, laryngeal cancer, oesophageal cancer, thyroid cancer, osteosarcomas, retinoblastomas, thymoma, testicular cancer, lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, bronchial carcinomas, breast cancer, mamma carcinomas, intestinal cancer, colorectal tumours, colon carcinomas, rectum carcinomas, gynaecological tumours, ovary tumours, ovarian tumours, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, cervix carcinomas, cancer of body of uterus, corpus carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, urinary bladder cancer, urogenital tract cancer, bladder cancer, skin cancer, epithelial tumours, squamous epithelial carcinoma, basaliomas, spinaliomas, melanomas, intraocular melanomas, leukaemias, monocyte leukaemia, chronic leukaemias, chronic myelotic leukaemia, chronic lymphatic leukemia, acute leukaemias, acute myelotic leukaemia, acute lymphatic leukemia, lymphomas, angiogenesis, arteriosclerosis, opthalmic diseases, choroidal neovascularization, diabetic retinopathy, inflammatory diseases, arthritis, neurodegeneration, restenosis, wound healing and transplant rejection, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim
 1. 12. (canceled)
 13. The method as claimed in claim 10, which further comprises administering at least one additional pharmacologically active substance, other than the compound of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II).
 14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as claimed in claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 15. The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 14 further comprising at least one additional pharmaceutically active substance other than the compound of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II).
 16. A kit comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as claimed in claim 1 and a further pharmacologically active substance other than the compound of formula (Ia), (Ib) or (II).
 17. A compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of formula (Ia).
 18. A compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of formula (Ib).
 19. A compound according to claim 1, which is a compound of formula (II).
 20. The compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, wherein L is


21. The compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, wherein L is


22. The compound according to formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (II) as claimed in claim 1, wherein L is


23. A compound, which is one of the following compounds: Compound 1

3-(2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-[1′-(3′- trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-propan-1- one Compound 11

[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone Compound 12

1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-dichloro-benzyl ester Compound 13

[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-(4′-methyl- biphenyl-3-yl)-methanone Compound 22

1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-3-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propan-1-one Compound 23

1-[1′-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- [4,4′]bipiperidinyl-1-yl]-2-(4-chloro- phenyl)-ethanone Compound 184

4-[1-(1H-Benzotriazole-5-carbonyl)- piperidin-4-yl]-3-oxo-piperazine-1- carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 185

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid benzyl ester Compound 186

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3,5-bis- trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 187

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester Compound 188

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 4- trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzyl ester or Compound 189

4-{4-[(1H-Benzotriazole-5- carbonyl)-amino]-cyclohexyl}- piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 3- fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl ester

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, prodrug, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof.
 24. A compound according to claim 23, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 25. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as claimed in claim 23 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 